Time course of nitrogen (NH4+ and NO2−) loading rate (NLR) and removal rate (NRR) (A) and the concentrations of NH4+, NO2−, and NO3− in MBR culture medium (B) during 70 days of continuous operation. Blue, white, and green area indicate the growing phase, near-zero growth phase, and starved phase, respectively. The error bars show SD of duplicate measurement.