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Improvement of E. coli cefazolin and cefixime resistance prediction using rules-based algorithm and substrate activity knowledge gained from antibiotic susceptibility testing (AST). Through antibiotic susceptibility testing, we observed CTX-M-3, CTX-M-27 and CMY-2 conferring clinically relevant resistance to cefazolin and cefixime. Curating this knowledge into CARD would improve cefazolin and cefixime true positive resistance prediction in E. coli by 74.1 and 30.6 %, respectively.
