Table 4.
Prevalence of AMR genes identified
|
Gene |
Resistance Phenotype |
Isolates, n (%) |
|---|---|---|
|
Aminoglycoside Resistance | ||
|
aac(3)-IIa |
Gentamicin |
11 (19) |
|
aac(3)-IId |
Gentamicin |
15 (26) |
|
aac(6′)−30 |
Aminoglycoside |
2 (3) |
|
aac(6')-Ib-cr6 |
Amikacin, kanamycin, tobramycin, quinolone |
1 (2) |
|
aadA1 |
Streptomycin |
6 (10) |
|
aadA2 |
Streptomycin |
2 (3) |
|
aadA5 |
Streptomycin |
34 (59) |
|
ant(3'')-Ih |
Streptomycin/spectinomycin |
20 (34) |
|
aph(3'')-Ib |
Streptomycin |
5 (9) |
|
aph(3')-Ia |
Kanamycin |
2 (3) |
|
aph(6)-Id |
Streptomycin |
50 (86) |
|
strA |
Streptomycin |
50 (86) |
|
strB |
Streptomycin |
50 (86) |
|
Multidrug Efflux Pumps | ||
|
acrF |
Multidrug efflux |
58 (100) |
|
emrD |
Multidrug efflux |
58 (100) |
|
emrE |
Multidrug efflux |
6 (10) |
|
mdtM |
Multidrug efflux |
46 (79) |
|
β-lactam Resistance | ||
|
blaCMY-18 |
Cephalosporin |
6 (10) |
|
blaCTX-M-15 |
Cephalosporin |
26 (45) |
|
blaCTX-M-155 |
Cephalosporin |
1 (2) |
|
blaCTX-M-159 |
Cephalosporin |
1 (2) |
|
blaCTX-M-182 |
Cephalosporin |
1 (2) |
|
blaCTX-M-27 |
Cephalosporin |
3 (5) |
|
blaCTX-M-3 |
Cephalosporin |
1 (2) |
|
blaEC-15 |
Cephalosporin |
20 (34) |
|
blaEC-18 |
Cephalosporin |
2 (3) |
|
blaEC-19 |
Cephalosporin |
23 (40) |
|
blaEC-5 |
Cephalosporin |
7 (12) |
|
blaEC-8 |
Cephalosporin |
3 (5) |
|
blaEC |
β-lactam |
3 (5) |
|
blaLAP-2 |
β-lactam |
4 (7) |
|
blaOXA-1 |
Cephalosporin |
21 (36) |
|
blaOXA-10 |
Cephalosporin |
2 (3) |
|
blaOXA-9 |
β-lactam |
2 (3) |
|
blaTEM-1 |
β-lactam |
43 (74) |
|
blaTEM-113 |
Cephalosporin |
1 (2) |
|
blaTEM-150 |
β-lactam |
1 (2) |
|
blaTEM-209 |
β-lactam |
2 (3) |
|
blaTEM-214 |
β-lactam |
1 (2) |
|
blaTEM-235 |
β-lactam |
1 (2) |
|
Chloramphenicol Resistance | ||
|
catA1 |
Chloramphenicol |
11 (19) |
|
catA2 |
Chloramphenicol |
2 (3) |
|
catB3 |
Chloramphenicol |
21 (36) |
|
cmlA |
Chloramphenicol |
1 (2) |
|
cmlA1 |
Chloramphenicol |
1 (2) |
|
cmlA5 |
Chloramphenicol |
2 (3) |
|
TMP/SMX Resistance | ||
|
dfrA1 |
Trimethoprim |
2 (3) |
|
dfrA12 |
Trimethoprim |
2 (3) |
|
dfrA14 |
Trimethoprim |
9 (16) |
|
dfrA15 |
Trimethoprim |
1 (2) |
|
dfrA17 |
Trimethoprim |
35 (60) |
|
dfrA5 |
Trimethoprim |
1 (2) |
|
dfrA7 |
Trimethoprim |
4 (7) |
|
dfrA8 |
Trimethoprim |
8 (14) |
|
sul1 |
Sulfonamide |
39 (67) |
|
sul2 |
Sulfonamide |
51 (88) |
|
sul3 |
Sulfonamide |
1 (2) |
|
Quinolone Resistance | ||
|
qnrB1 |
Quinolone |
1 (2) |
|
qnrS1 |
Quinolone |
5 (9) |
|
Other Antimicrobials | ||
|
arr-2 |
Rifamycin |
2 (3) |
|
aar-3 |
Rifamycin |
1 (2) |
|
erm(B) |
Macrolide |
1 (2) |
|
fosA3 |
Fosfomycin |
1 (2) |
|
mph(A) |
Macrolide |
37 (64) |
|
mph(B) |
Macrolide |
1 (2) |
|
qacL |
Quaternary Ammonium |
1 (2) |
|
sat2_gen |
Streptothricin |
2 (3) |
|
tet(A) |
Tetracycline |
30 (52) |
|
tet(B) |
Tetracycline |
21 (36) |