Fig. 6.

GBDP treatment decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and increased Akt/GSK3β levels in MPP⁺-treated human SH-SY5Y cells. (A) Western blot assay of p-Akt, Akt, p-GSK3β, GSK3β, Bax, and Bcl-2. (B–D) Ratio of p-Akt, Akt, p-GSK3β, GSK3β, Bax, and Bcl-2 band intensities. ∗P < 0.05, ∗∗P < 0.001. (E) SH-SY5Y cells were pre-treated with the GSK3β inhibitor, CHIR-99021 (10 μM) for 2 h and subsequently exposed to 2 mM MPP⁺ and different concentrations of GBDP or EGb 761. After 24 h, cells underwent an MTT assay. ∗∗∗P < 0.0001, compared with the control group. ^###P < 0.0001, compared with the MPP⁺ group. ^△P < 0.05, ^△△P < 0.001, ^△△△P < 0.0001. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s test. n = 3 per group. GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase.