Table 6.
Summary of studies investigating the prevalence of HEV in deer
| Study | Location | Deer species | ELISA observed seroprevalence | RT-PCR prevalence |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Weger et al. (2017) | Canada | Odocoileus virginianus (White-tailed deer) | 8.8% | ND |
| Odocoileus hemionus (Mule deer) | 4.5% | ND | ||
| Rangifer tarandus groenlandicus (Barren-ground caribou) | 1.7% | ND | ||
| Rangifer tarandus (Woodland caribou) | 5.2% | ND | ||
| Zhang et al. (2015) | China | Cervus nippon (Sika deer) | 5.4% | ND |
| Anheyer-Behmenburg et al. (2017) | Germany | Capreolus (Roe deer) | 0.0% | 6.4% |
| Cervus elaphus (Red deer) | 0.0% | 3.5% | ||
| Neumann et al. (2016) | Cervus elaphus (Red deer) | 2.5% | 3.7% | |
| Capreolus (Roe deer) | 6.5% | 0.0% | ||
| Reuter et al. (2009) | Hungary | Capreolus (Roe deer) | ND | 12.2% |
| Di Bartolo et al. (2017) | Italy | Cervus elaphus (Red deer) | 13.6% | 11.0% |
| Sonoda et al. (2004) | Japan | Cervus nippon (Sika deer) | 2.0% | 0.0% |
| Matsuura et al. (2007) | Cervus nippon (Sika deer) | 2.6% | 0.0% | |
| Tomiyama et al. (2009) | Cervus nippon yesoensis (Yezo deer) | 34.8% | ND | |
| Spancerniene et al. (2018) | Lithuania | Capreolus (Roe deer) | ND | 22.6% |
| Cervus elaphus (Red deer) | ND | 6.7% | ||
| Medrano et al. (2012) | Mexico | Odocoileus virginianus (White-tailed deer) | 62.7% | ND |
| Rutjes et al. (2010) | The Netherlands | Cervus elaphus (Red deer) | 8.0% | 15.0% |
| Capreolus (Roe deer) | 12.5% | 0.0% | ||
| Boadella et al. (2010) | Spain | Cervus elaphus (Red deer) | 10.4% | N/Aa |
| Kukielka et al. (2016) | Cervus elaphus (Red deer) | 12.9% | 11.1% | |
| Roth et al. (2016) | Sweden | Capreolus (Roe deer) | 7.0% | 0.0% |
| Cervus elaphus (Red deer) | 7.0% | 0.0% |
ND not done
aDid not test full sample population which were tested for seropositivity