Table 1.

Differential diagnosis in KLS

Neurological disorders	Psychiatric disorders	Sleep and medical disorders
Complex partial seizures	Alcohol, drugs, and illegal substances intake	Post-viral hypersomnia
Severe basilar migraine	Depression	Narcolepsy
Encephalitis	Bipolar disorder (rapid cyclic)	IH (with fluctuating sleep times)
Trauma, stroke, or inflammation	Seasonal affective disorder	Idiopathic recurrent stupor
Tumors within the 3rd ventricle	Somatoform disorder	Ornityl-carnitine transferase deficit
	Brief psychotic episode	Intermittent porphyria