Table 2.
Infectious mortality among patients diagnosed with cancer between 1975 and 2016 in SEER 18 registries by anatomic sites
| Anatomic sites | No. of patients with cancer (%) | Total person years of follow-up | Death from infectious diseases | SMRb (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Patients with cancer | General population | ||||||
| No. of observed deathsa (%) | Mortality rates (per 100,000 person-years) | No. of expected deathsa (%) | Mortality rates (per 100,000 person-years) | ||||
| All sites | 8,471,051 (100.0%) | 51,727,359 | 134,526 (100.0%) | 260.1 | 46,009.9 | 88.9 | 2.92 (2.91–2.94) |
| Kaposi sarcoma | 22,244 (0.3%) | 98,131 | 12,578 (9.3%) | 12,817.6 | 77.5 | 79.0 | 162.2 (159.4–165.1) |
| Liver | 118,324 (1.4%) | 177,570 | 4,352 (3.2%) | 2,450.9 | 140.8 | 79.3 | 30.9 (30.0–31.8) |
| ALL | 30,933 (0.4%) | 234,098 | 286 (0.2%) | 122.2 | 15.0 | 6.4 | 19.1 (17.0–21.4) |
| AML | 61,060 (0.7%) | 144,147 | 793 (0.6%) | 550.1 | 59.5 | 41.3 | 13.3 (12.4–14.3) |
| HL | 53,532 (0.6%) | 547,217 | 1,158 (0.9%) | 211.6 | 114.3 | 20.9 | 10.1 (9.56–10.7) |
| Anus | 34,322 (0.4%) | 205,900 | 1,196 (0.9%) | 580.9 | 135.5 | 65.8 | 8.83 (8.34–9.34) |
| Brain | 123,661 (1.5%) | 459,070 | 882 (0.7%) | 192.1 | 110.0 | 24.0 | 8.02 (7.51–8.57) |
| NHL | 311,485 (3.7%) | 1,781,494 | 12,047 (9.0%) | 676.2 | 1,511.2 | 84.8 | 7.97 (7.83–8.12) |
| Esophagus | 73,170 (0.9%) | 136,030 | 902 (0.7%) | 663.1 | 153.8 | 113.1 | 5.86 (5.49–6.26) |
| CML | 29,392 (0.3%) | 132,990 | 522 (0.4%) | 392.5 | 103.3 | 77.7 | 5.05 (4.64–5.50) |
| Pancreas | 195,663 (2.3%) | 182,513 | 1,068 (0.8%) | 585.2 | 217.5 | 119.2 | 4.91 (4.62–5.21) |
| Lung and bronchus | 965,341 (11.4%) | 1,806,907 | 9,521 (7.1%) | 526.9 | 1,953.7 | 108.1 | 4.87 (4.78–4.97) |
| Cervix uteri | 87,411 (1.0%) | 766,778 | 945 (0.7%) | 123.2 | 196.4 | 25.6 | 4.81 (4.51–5.13) |
| Myeloma | 101,626 (1.2%) | 350,854 | 1,924 (1.4%) | 548.4 | 408.9 | 116.6 | 4.71 (4.50–4.92) |
| Oral cavity and pharynx | 194,033 (2.3%) | 1,125,510 | 3,445 (2.6%) | 306.1 | 878.7 | 78.1 | 3.92 (3.79–4.05) |
| Bones and joints | 16,674 (0.2%) | 129,216 | 118 (0.1%) | 91.3 | 32.7 | 25.3 | 3.61 (3.02–4.33) |
| Stomach | 138,776 (1.6%) | 361,557 | 1,726 (1.3%) | 477.4 | 479.1 | 132.5 | 3.60 (3.44–3.78) |
| Larynx | 69,152 (0.8%) | 452,335 | 1,461 (1.1%) | 323.0 | 419.0 | 92.6 | 3.49 (3.31–3.67) |
| Vulva | 48,635 (0.6%) | 437,384 | 742 (0.6%) | 169.6 | 224.0 | 51.2 | 3.31 (3.08–3.56) |
| CLL | 75,640 (0.9%) | 469,740 | 1,924 (1.4%) | 409.6 | 620.5 | 132.1 | 3.10 (2.97–3.24) |
| Corpus uteri | 250,987 (3.0%) | 2,179,271 | 3,413 (2.5%) | 156.6 | 1,207.3 | 55.4 | 2.83 (2.73–2.92) |
| Ovary | 131,819 (1.6%) | 754,433 | 926 (0.7%) | 122.7 | 329.4 | 43.7 | 2.81 (2.64–3.00) |
| Small intestine | 29,300 (0.3%) | 144,573 | 362 (0.3%) | 250.4 | 129.9 | 89.9 | 2.79 (2.51–3.09) |
| Kidney and renal pelvis | 219,761 (2.6%) | 1,257,414 | 2619 (1.9%) | 208.3 | 1,032.2 | 82.1 | 2.54 (2.44–2.64) |
| Testis | 53,702 (0.6%) | 630,063 | 285 (0.2%) | 45.2 | 120.4 | 19.1 | 2.37 (2.11–2.66) |
| Colon and rectum | 836,720 (9.9%) | 5,078,443 | 14,926 (11.1%) | 293.9 | 6,504.7 | 128.1 | 2.29 (2.26–2.33) |
| Cranial nerves other nervous system | 124,837 (1.5%) | 617,790 | 1206 (0.9%) | 195.2 | 531.8 | 86.1 | 2.27 (2.14–2.40) |
| Soft tissue including heart | 51,819 (0.6%) | 350,653 | 463 (0.3%) | 132.0 | 213.1 | 60.8 | 2.17 (1.98–2.38) |
| Urinary bladder | 310,644 (3.7%) | 2,114,979 | 6275 (4.7%) | 296.7 | 2,942.0 | 139.1 | 2.13 (2.08–2.19) |
| Eye and orbit | 16,780 (0.2%) | 141,595 | 212 (0.2%) | 149.7 | 103.3 | 72.9 | 2.05 (1.79–2.35) |
| Endocrine system | 243,115 (2.9%) | 1,955,137 | 1212 (0.9%) | 62.0 | 595.7 | 30.5 | 2.03 (1.92–2.15) |
| Breast | 1,385,735 (16.4%) | 12,016,998 | 14,707 (10.9%) | 122.4 | 7,525.3 | 62.6 | 1.95 (1.92–1.99) |
| Prostate | 1,153,981 (13.6%) | 9,094,613 | 19,268 (14.3%) | 211.9 | 12,557.9 | 138.1 | 1.53 (1.51–1.56) |
| Skin, non-basal | 494,208 (5.8%) | 4,146,099 | 4347 (3.2%) | 104.8 | 2,979.1 | 71.9 | 1.46 (1.42–1.50) |
SMR standardized mortality ratios; CI confidence interval; ALL acute lymphocytic leukemia; AML acute myeloid leukemia; HL Hodgkin lymphoma; NHL non-Hodgkin lymphoma; CML chronic myeloid leukemia; CLL chronic lymphocytic leukemia
aObserved deaths represent the total number of deaths from fatal infections among patients with cancer recorded during the study period. Expected deaths represent the number of individuals who died of fatal infections in the general population with a similar distribution of age at diagnosis, sex, race, and calendar year
bThe SMRs were estimated as the ratios of observed to expected number of deaths. The observed values represented the number of deaths in cancer patients, whereas the expected values represented the number of individuals who died of the same causes in the general population, with a similar distribution of age, sex, race, and calendar year