Fig. 2.

AMP cells reduce spinal cord demyelination. a Anti-neuroinflammatory effects of systemic AMP cell administration was evaluated by H&E staining and scoring using a 3-point scale. 1× IP (N = 6) or IV (N = 7) injection, and 3× IV (N = 9) injection, of AMP cells showed strong trends toward decreasing spinal cord inflammation as compared with vehicle (PBS) treated EAE mice (N = 8), but differences were not significant. b IBA1 immunostaining of spinal cord cross sections was performed to detect the presence of microglia/macrophages. Similar to levels of inflammation detected on H&E staining, representative images show few IBA1+ cells in one control mouse spinal cord, and numerous IBA1+ present in a vehicle-treated EAE mouse spinal cord. Varying levels of IBA1+ cells were observed in EAE mice treated with AMP cells. c Myelin in spinal cord sections was stained with LFB and levels of demyelination were scored on a 3 point scale. Vehicle-treated EAE mice have significantly more myelin loss than control (N = 6) mice (*p,0.05), and treatment with 1× (^@p < 0.05) or 3× (^@@p < 0.01) AMP cells by IV injection significantly reduced the level of spinal cord demyelination as compared with vehicle-treated EAE mice. d Images show LFB staining in one representative mouse spinal cord from each treatment group. Data represent mean ± SEM. Scale bars 4×: 100 μM, 10×: 50 μM