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. 2021 Apr 29;8:671353. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.671353

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Copyright © 2021 Zhao, Zhu, Xia, Li, Guo, Zhu and Yang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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MSG administration induces gut microbiota dysbiosis and damaged gut barrier. (A) OTU number accumulation analysis of 16S rDNA sequencing. (B) Weighted Unifrac analysis of microbiota in the control and MSG group. (C) Linear discriminant analysis effect size (LEfSe) of microbiota in the control and MSG group. (D) Microbiota composition and (E) relative abundances of microbiota at the phylum level. (F) The ratio of Firmicutes to Bacteroidetes. (G) Microbiota composition and (H) relative abundances of microbiota at the family level. (I) Relative abundance of flora at the genus level. (J) Periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining of colon tissue. Scale bar: 20 μm. (K) The gene expression of Muc2, ZO-1, and Reg3γ in colon. (L) H&E staining of colon tissue. Scale bar: 20 μm. Data are presented as mean ± SEM, n = 6. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA followed by post-hoc LSD tests. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001.