Fig. 1.

Sample population and clinical characteristics. (a) Diagnoses of patients presenting with UTIs over the study period. For the patients with multiple samples taken for the same diagnosis (cross-hatched stripes): for cystitis, the mean number of days between collections was 126 days; for pyelonephritis, 63 days; and for urosepsis, 68 days. For patients with a previous cystitis diagnosis and subsequent pyelonephritis or urosepsis diagnoses (sloped stripes): the mean length between collections was 174 days, and 181 days for urosepsis (n=1). (b) Age and biological sex of patients. Females are represented by grey, males by shading.