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. 2021 Apr 29;9:648463. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.648463

FIGURE 2.

FIGURE 2

Chain of events originating from cellular stress response as well as ER stress that converges to placenta pathologies and other pregnancy disorders. HSP plays a fundamental role buffering these stresses thereby improving the overall reproductive success. Placental inefficiency like pre-eclampsia and other related complications results from cellular stress and aberrant immune response. HSP plays a crucial role in fine tuning these processes preventing pregnancy loss.