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. 2021 Apr 12;6:e48–e56. doi: 10.5114/amsad.2021.105313

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Pathophysiological principles of cardiovascular disease development in the case of light cigarette smoking: The potential mechanisms include catecholamine release and ischaemia due to supply-demand mismatch, vasospasm, increased platelet reactivity, imbalance between prothrombotic and fibrinolytic activity, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, activation of inflammation, and impaired autonomic function