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. 2021 Apr 29;15:636144. doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.636144

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Copyright © 2021 Coplan, George, Syed, Rozenboym, Tang, Fulton and Perera.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Comparison of CSF log kynurenic acid/kynurenine ratio in VFD-reared macaques and non-VFD subjects at baseline. Significant reductions were observed at baseline using the non-parametric Kruskal–Wallis test in VFD CSF log kynurenic acid/kynurenine ratio (N = 10) in comparison to non-VFD-exposed controls (N = 14). The data provide evidence for reduction of the neuroprotective arm of the kynurenine pathway following VFD rearing as kynurenic acid functions as an NMDA antagonist. Abbreviations: VFD, variable foraging demand; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; NMDA, N-methyl D-aspartate.