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. 2021 Apr 29;9:642697. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.642697

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

A model for a dual activity of Tlx3 in promoting glutamatergic, while concomitantly suppressing GABAergic specification program in dILB neurons. Tlx3 direct target genes include transcription factors, neuropeptides, neuropeptide and glutamate and GABA receptors, and molecules for neurotransmitter transport. Genes expressed in glutamatergic cells, most of which are Tlx3+/Pax2–-cells, are markedly reduced or eliminated in Tlx3 knockout mice, whereas genes expressed in GABAergic cells, most of which are Tlx3–/Pax2+-cells, are upregulated in Tlx3 knockout mice. Expression data was retrieved from the following reported studies: Qian et al., 2002 (a), Cheng et al., 2004 (b), Cheng et al., 2005 (c), Li et al., 2006 (d), Xu et al., 2008 (e), Guo et al., 2012 (f), Xu et al., 2013 (g), Huang et al., 2008 (h), and our study (*) using Tlx3 single knockout (§), Tlx1/3 double knockout (§), and/or Tlx3 conditional knockout (#) mice. Line, direct regulation; dashed line, indirect regulation; arrow, activation of expression; blunt line, inhibition of expression.