Table 1.
Case–control studies showing ORs for APOL1 high-risk genotypes associated with kidney disease in the Americas and sub-Saharan Africa for kidney disease
| Phenotype | Country | Setting | No. of cases | No. of controls | OR | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-diabetic ESKD | USA | Adults on dialysis | 1002 | 923 | 7.3 | (21) |
| ESKD | Brazil | Adults on dialysis | 106 | 106 | 10.95 | (48) |
| Stage 5 CKD | SA | Adults, mean eGFR 8 (4–12) | 70 | 58 | 0.85a | (98) |
| CKD | DRC | Adults, hypertensive CKD | 79 | 83 | 7.7 | (65) |
| CKD | Nigeria | Adults | 44 | 43 | 4.8 | (42) |
| FSGS | USA | Adults | 192 | 176 | 10.5 | (21) |
| FSGS | USA | Mostly adults | 217 | 383 | 17 | (46) |
| FSGS | SA | Adults | 22 | 108 | 2.1a | (68) |
| HIVAN | USA | Adults, HIV+ | 54 | 237 | 29 | (46) |
| HIVAN | SA | Adults, HIV+ | 78 | 108 | 89 | (68) |
| Albuminuria | USA | Young to middle-aged adults | 2.9 | 2.9 | (64) | |
| Albuminuria | DRC | Pediatric population | 2.1 | 40 | 412 | (66) |
| Albuminuria | DRC | Pediatric population, HIV+ | 22.0 | 72 | 329 | (66) |
aNot statistically significant. SA, South Africa; USA, United States of America; DRC, Democratic Republic of the Congo.