Table 2.
Results from global random effects logistic regression analysis of antenatal, delivery and postnatal care use
| Potential explanatory factor | Antenatal care (n = 3687)a |
Delivery care (n = 3682)a |
Postnatal care (n = 3708)a |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||||
| Individual factors | ||||||
| Education level | ||||||
| None | – | Reference | Reference | |||
| Primary/secondary/higher | – | 0.77 | (0.63,0.93) | 1.09 | (0.90, 1.33) | |
| Pregnancy danger signs | ||||||
| Not aware | Reference | – | – | |||
| Aware | 1.21 | (1.02,1.44) | – | – | ||
| Delivery danger signs | ||||||
| Not aware | – | Reference | – | |||
| Aware | – | 1.22 | (0.98, 1.51) | – | ||
| Postpartum danger signs | ||||||
| Not aware | – | – | Reference | |||
| Aware | – | – | 1.22 | (1.02,1.46) | ||
| Nurse as information source | ||||||
| Health information | ||||||
| No | Reference | – | Reference | |||
| Yes | 2.08 | (1.79,2.41) | – | 0.94 | (0.79, 1.13) | |
| Delivery information | ||||||
| No | – | Reference | – | |||
| Yes | – | 2.17 | (1.82,2.58) | – | ||
| Antenatal care use | ||||||
| No prior use | Reference | – | ||||
| Prior use | 1.87 | (1.61,2.18) | – | – | ||
| No use last pregnancy | – | Reference | ||||
| > = 4 last pregnancy | – | 2.06 | (1.73,2.44) | |||
| Delivery care use | ||||||
| No prior use | – | Reference | – | |||
| Prior use | – | 9.56 | (7.67,11.92) | – | ||
| No use last pregnancy | – | – | Reference | |||
| Used for last pregnancy | – | – | 15.35 | (12.61,18.69) | ||
| Attitude towards delivery care | ||||||
| Necessary for all | Reference | Reference | – | |||
| Not necessary for all | 0.51 | (0.36, 0.71) | 0.32 | (0.22,0.47) | – | |
| Delivery mode | ||||||
| Not assisted | – | – | Reference | |||
| Assisted | – | – | 2.95 | (1.95,4.45) | ||
| Household or inter-personal factors | ||||||
| Wealthiest household group | ||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | Reference | |||
| Yes | 1.52 | (1.30,1.79) | 1.36 | (1.12, 1.66) | 1.20 | (0.99,1.46) |
| Companion support | ||||||
| Not available | – | Reference | Reference | |||
| Available | – | 2.75 | (2.20,3.43) | 1.64 | (1.28,2.08) | |
| Health-related decisions | ||||||
| Not involved | Reference | – | Reference | |||
| Involved | 1.33 | (1.13,1.57) | – | 1.10 | (0.91, 1.34) | |
| Delivery site decisions | ||||||
| Not involved | – | Reference | – | |||
| Involved | – | 0.83 | (0.67, 1.02) | – | ||
| Parity | 0.92 | (0.89,0.95) | 1.04 | (0.99,1.08) | 0.98 | (0.94, 1.02) |
| Pregnancy planned | ||||||
| No | Reference | – | – | |||
| Yes | 1.42 | (1.21,1.66) | – | – | ||
| Birth preparedness | ||||||
| Did not plan | Reference | – | ||||
| Planned for delivery | 1.46 | (1.24,1.71) | 1.45 | (1.20,1.74) | – | |
| Health system factors | ||||||
| Home visit by HEW | ||||||
| No | Reference | Reference | ||||
| Yes | 1.32 | (1.13, 1.55) | 1.35 | (1.13,1.62) | 1.14 | (0.95, 1.36) |
| Nearby health facility type/level | ||||||
| Not hospital/health centre | Reference | Reference | – | |||
| Hospital/health centre | 1.66 | (1.44,1.92) | 1.98 | (1.67,2.36) | – | |
aDenominators indicate number of women for whom data was available for all candidate explanatory variables. Differences between models are reflective of differences in data available (Nurse as health information source n = 3721; history of ANC use n = 3688; history of delivery care use n = 3682 and delivery mode n = 3714)