Table 2.
Main outcomes of scales and examinations
| ED (n = 92) | Control (n = 92) | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| TT, ng/mL | 4.4 ± 2.3 | 4.2 ± 2.0 | 0.530 |
| FT, pg/mL | 86.3 ± 14.7 | 88.4 ± 16.7 | 0.366 |
| IIEF-5 score | 13.3 ± 6.8 | 23.3 ± 1.5 | 0.000 |
| EHS score# | 2 (1, 3) | 3 (3, 4) | 0.022 |
| Weight, kg | 78.2 ± 14.5 | 74.5 ± 15.6 | 0.097 |
| Height, cm | 174.7 ± 8.2 | 175.0 ± 7.4 | 0.795 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 25.6 ± 5.9 | 24.3 ± 6.5 | 0.157 |
| Blood pressure, mmHg | |||
| Systolic | 132.4 ± 20.2 | 134.0 ± 21.3 | 0.602 |
| Diastolic | 83.6 ± 14.1 | 85.2 ± 12.9 | 0.423 |
| Waist circumference, cm | 89.2 ± 9.6 | 86.3 ± 9.1 | 0.037 |
| Other blood measurements | |||
| FBG, mmol/L | 6.4 ± 1.7 | 5.7 ± 1.3 | 0.002 |
| TG, mmol/L | 1.7 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.7 | 0.368 |
| TC, mmol/L | 5.2 ± 1.3 | 5.0 ± 1.4 | 0.317 |
| HDL-C, mmol/L | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 0.260 |
| LDL-C, mmol/L | 3.1 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 0.9 | 0.427 |
| NO, μmol/L | 30.8 ± 21.3 | 42.4 ± 20.2 | 0.000 |
| E-selectin, ng/mL | 37.3 ± 12.7 | 12.9 ± 4.9 | 0.000 |
| CRP, mg/L | 4.9 ± 3.2 | 3.9 ± 3.0 | 0.030 |
| MetSm | 36 (39.1%) | 20 (21.7%) | 0.010 |
| PDIn | 47.1 ± 7.5 | 58.5 ± 7.1 | 0.000 |
| hPDIn | 46.8 ± 8.2 | 59.4 ± 8.9 | 0.000 |
Abbreviations: BMI body mass index, CRP C-reactive protein, ED erectile dysfunction, EHS Erection Hardness Score, FBG fasting blood glucose, FT free testosterone; HDL-C high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, hPDI healthful plant-based diet index, IIEF-5 International Index of Erectile Function-5, LDL-C low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, MetS metabolic syndrome, NO nitric oxide, PDI overall plant-based diet index, TC total cholesterol, TG triglyceride, TT total testosterone
# Median (interquartile range 25–75)
m MetS was defined following the criterion shown in Supplementary Table 2, in Additional file 1
n PDI and hPDI were converted from FFQ following the method described in the method section