FIG 2.

Nonmetric multidimensional scaling plot of unweighted UniFrac distance matrices comparing the effect of soil amendment type, i.e., manure (triangles), static compost (squares), turned compost (circles), or fertilizer control (diamonds), on the microbiota associated with radish taproot surfaces grown in either loamy sand (open symbols) or silty clay loam (closed symbols). Each data point represents an individual radish taproot grown in the corresponding conditions and are labeled as follows: F, chemical fertilizer; BC, BA, DC, and DA, manure-derived amendments originating from control beef cattle, antibiotic-treated beef cattle, control dairy cattle, or antibiotic-treated dairy cattle, respectively. Soil texture, crossed with amendment types, resulted in significant differences in bacterial beta diversity (P < 0.001, R = 0.501; ANOSIM).