Table 2. Body composition and BMD variables of the SCI group and its two sub-groups (TETRA and PARA groups).
| SCI (n = 24) |
TETRA (n = 12) |
PARA (n = 12) |
Two-tailed Student t-test for independent samples | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t | P | η2 | |
| Whole-body | |||||||||
| Total mass (g) | 70,774.29 | 12,430.77 | 70,579.99 | 14,737.57 | 70,968.58 | 10,286.76 | −0.075 | 0.941 | <0.001 |
| LM (g) | 50,039.05 | 6,718.44 | 4,9817.00 | 8,509.84 | 50,261.10 | 4,674.76 | −0.158 | 0.876 | 0.001 |
| FM (g) | 18,474.39 | 6,843.86 | 18,416.37 | 7,159.12 | 18,532.40 | 6,831.87 | −0.041 | 0.968 | <0.001 |
| %FM (%) | 25.45 | 5.99 | 25.47 | 5.46 | 25.42 | 6.72 | 0.019 | 0.985 | <0.001 |
| FM/LM | 0.37 | 0.11 | 0.36 | 0.10 | 0.37 | 0.12 | −0.021 | 0.984 | <0.001 |
| BMC (g) | 2,246.29 | 386.35 | 2,329.96 | 402.97 | 2,162.63 | 366.67 | 1.064 | 0.299 | 0.049 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | 1.07 | 0.09 | 1.09 | 0.08 | 1.06 | 0.10 | 0.640 | 0.529 | 0.018 |
| Trunk | |||||||||
| Total mass (g) | 36,040.80 | 7,020.49 | 35,603.05 | 7,906.65 | 36,478.56 | 6,334.20 | −0.299 | 0.767 | 0.004 |
| LM (g) | 26,010.17 | 3,399.68 | 25,680.60 | 4,215.32 | 26,339.73 | 2,482.03 | −0.467 | 0.645 | 0.010 |
| FM (g) | 9,423.76 | 4,128.76 | 9,308.39 | 4,244.27 | 9,539.14 | 4,195.26 | −0.134 | 0.895 | 0.001 |
| %FM (%) | 25.14 | 6.89 | 25.18 | 6.49 | 25.10 | 7.55 | 0.029 | 0.977 | <0.001 |
| FM/LM | 0.35 | 0.13 | 0.35 | 0.12 | 0.36 | 0.14 | −0.019 | 0.985 | <0.001 |
| BMC (g) | 604.59 | 115.53 | 614.06 | 106.58 | 595.12 | 127.87 | 0.394 | 0.697 | 0.007 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | 0.85 | 0.12 | 0.83 | 0.08 | 0.86 | 0.15 | −0.486 | 0.632 | 0.011 |
| Android | |||||||||
| FM (g) | 1,773.36 | 944.38 | 1,780.97 | 961.62 | 1,765.75 | 969.51 | 0.039 | 0.970 | <0.001 |
| %FM (%) | 30.18 | 9.26 | 30.11 | 8.27 | 30.26 | 10.53 | −0.039 | 0.969 | <0.001 |
| Gynoid | |||||||||
| FM (g) | 2,738.69 | 944.28 | 2,817.91 | 1,021.69 | 2,659.46 | 898.25 | 0.403 | 0.690 | 0.007 |
| %FM (%) | 31.17 | 8.08 | 30.56 | 7.05 | 31.78 | 9.27 | −0.364 | 0.719 | 0.006 |
| Arms | |||||||||
| Total mass (g) | 10,174.88 | 1,901.80 | 9,370.24 | 1,920.15 | 10,979.51 | 1,569.36 | −2.248 | 0.035 | 0.187 |
| LM (g) | 7,669.45 | 1,223.73 | 6,994.10 | 1,270.21 | 8,344.81 | 722.92 | −3.201 | 0.004 | 0.318 |
| FM (g) | 2,063.06 | 940.74 | 1,941.35 | 882.68 | 2,184.77 | 1,019.31 | −0.625 | 0.538 | 0.017 |
| %FM (%) | 19.66 | 6.44 | 20.18 | 6.20 | 19.14 | 6.90 | 0.388 | 0.702 | 0.007 |
| FM/LM | 0.27 | 0.11 | 0.28 | 0.11 | 0.26 | 0.11 | 0.393 | 0.698 | 0.007 |
| BMC (g) | 427.78 | 69.60 | 418.12 | 78.25 | 437.43 | 61.66 | −0.671 | 0.509 | 0.020 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | 0.83 | 0.07 | 0.83 | 0.06 | 0.84 | 0.07 | −0.450 | 0.657 | 0.009 |
| Left leg | |||||||||
| Total mass (g) | 9,778.46 | 2,064.08 | 10,284.24 | 2,567.74 | 9,272.67 | 1,325.43 | 1.213 | 0.238 | 0.063 |
| LM (g) | 6,511.57 | 1,520.85 | 6,883.13 | 1,839.71 | 6,140.01 | 1,072.59 | 1.209 | 0.240 | 0.062 |
| FM (g) | 2,967.91 | 1,022.68 | 3,073.14 | 1,046.17 | 2,862.68 | 1,033.52 | 0.496 | 0.625 | 0.011 |
| %FM (%) | 30.18 | 8.41 | 29.82 | 7.26 | 30.54 | 9.74 | −0.205 | 0.839 | 0.002 |
| FM/LM | 0.48 | 0.22 | 0.47 | 0.20 | 0.49 | 0.24 | −0.267 | 0.792 | 0.003 |
| BMC (g) | 298.97 | 95.90 | 327.97 | 98.18 | 269.98 | 88.07 | 1.523 | 0.142 | 0.095 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | 0.95 | 0.13 | 0.99 | 0.12 | 0.91 | 0.12 | 1.471 | 0.155 | 0.090 |
| Right leg | |||||||||
| Total mass (g) | 9,850.88 | 2,143.79 | 10,346.30 | 2,663.32 | 9,355.46 | 1,407.36 | 1.139 | 0.267 | 0.056 |
| LM (g) | 6,503.10 | 1,476.17 | 6,897.90 | 1,769.80 | 6,108.30 | 1,041.15 | 1.332 | 0.196 | 0.075 |
| FM (g) | 3,041.81 | 1,072.76 | 3,111.77 | 1,190.58 | 2,971.85 | 988.99 | 0.313 | 0.757 | 0.004 |
| %FM (%) | 30.59 | 8.03 | 29.74 | 7.45 | 31.43 | 8.82 | −0.506 | 0.618 | 0.011 |
| FM/LM | 0.48 | 0.19 | 0.46 | 0.18 | 0.50 | 0.21 | −0.506 | 0.618 | 0.012 |
| BMC (g) | 305.97 | 91.55 | 336.62 | 100.94 | 275.31 | 72.69 | 1.707 | 0.102 | 0.117 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | 0.97 | 0.12 | 1.00 | 0.13 | 0.94 | 0.11 | 1.334 | 0.196 | 0.075 |
Note:
SCI, athletes with spinal cord injury; TETRA, athletes with spinal cord injury at the cervical level; PARA, athletes with spinal cord injury at the thoracic/lumbar level; SD, standard deviation; η2, eta squared; LM, lean mass; FM, fat mass; %FM, percentage fat mass; FM/LM, fat-to-lean mass ratio; BMC, bone mineral content; BMD, bone mineral density. Statistically significant differences are in bold.