Table 3. Body composition and BMD variables of the AMP group and its two sub-groups (AKA and BKA groups).
| AMP (n = 18) |
AKA (n = 11) |
BKA (n = 7) |
Two-tailed student t-test for independent samples | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | t | P | η2 | |
| Whole-body | |||||||||
| Total mass (g) | 67,823.84 | 12,138.98 | 62,114.11 | 8,638.53 | 76,796.26 | 11,808.54 | −3.053 | 0.008 | 0.368 |
| LM (g) | 50,764.34 | 8,560.51 | 46,449.80 | 5,617.43 | 57,544.33 | 8,202.63 | −3.422 | 0.003 | 0.423 |
| FM (g) | 14,737.93 | 4,342.30 | 13,523.11 | 4,281.06 | 16,646.93 | 3,990.12 | −1.548 | 0.141 | 0.130 |
| %FM (%) | 21.45 | 4.21 | 21.45 | 5.06 | 21.47 | 2.76 | −0.010 | 0.992 | <0.001 |
| FM/LM ratio | 0.29 | 0.07 | 0.29 | 0.08 | 0.29 | 0.05 | 0.093 | 0.927 | 0.001 |
| BMC (g) | 2,321.57 | 328.17 | 2,141.21 | 260.64 | 2,605.00 | 196.36 | −4.021 | 0.001 | 0.503 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | 1.17 | 0.07 | 1.15 | 0.07 | 1.20 | 0.08 | −1.367 | 0.191 | 0.105 |
| Trunk | |||||||||
| Total mass (g) | 34,630.22 | 6,615.28 | 32,106.32 | 5,633.42 | 38,596.35 | 6,408.54 | −2.261 | 0.038 | 0.242 |
| LM (g) | 26,716.82 | 4,639.99 | 24,737.51 | 3,833.42 | 29,827.17 | 4,247.26 | −2.636 | 0.018 | 0.303 |
| FM (g) | 7,278.44 | 2,581.60 | 6,777.08 | 2,585.67 | 8,066.29 | 2,560.34 | −1.035 | 0.316 | 0.063 |
| %FM (%) | 20.59 | 5.15 | 20.66 | 5.81 | 20.49 | 4.33 | 0.066 | 0.948 | <0.001 |
| FM/LM ratio | 0.27 | 0.08 | 0.27 | 0.09 | 0.27 | 0.07 | 0.140 | 0.891 | 0.001 |
| BMC (g) | 634.96 | 102.04 | 591.74 | 97.96 | 702.89 | 68.56 | −2.610 | 0.019 | 0.299 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | 0.88 | 0.08 | 0.87 | 0.09 | 0.91 | 0.06 | −0.935 | 0.364 | 0.052 |
| Android | |||||||||
| FM (g) | 1,250.90 | 526.69 | 1,140.77 | 500.26 | 1,423.97 | 558.30 | −1.120 | 0.279 | 0.073 |
| %FM (%) | 23.52 | 6.40 | 22.83 | 6.80 | 24.60 | 6.05 | −0.563 | 0.581 | 0.019 |
| Gynoid | |||||||||
| FM (g) | 2,565.61 | 780.58 | 24,68.23 | 877.00 | 2,718.63 | 632.27 | −0.652 | 0.524 | 0.026 |
| %FM (%) | 24.19 | 5.50 | 25.26 | 6.67 | 22.50 | 2.48 | 1.040 | 0.314 | 0.063 |
| Arms | |||||||||
| Total mass (g) | 9,687.03 | 1,861.72 | 9,223.93 | 1,551.03 | 10,414.75 | 2,190.84 | −1.355 | 0.194 | 0.103 |
| LM (g) | 7,425.02 | 1,364.04 | 7,071.09 | 1,105.92 | 7,981.18 | 1,625.66 | −1.421 | 0.175 | 0.112 |
| FM (g) | 1,853.65 | 621.59 | 1,764.10 | 665.66 | 1,994.37 | 564.27 | −0.757 | 0.460 | 0.035 |
| %FM (%) | 18.84 | 4.63 | 18.77 | 5.62 | 18.94 | 2.85 | −0.073 | 0.943 | <0.001 |
| FM/LM ratio | 0.25 | 0.08 | 0.25 | 0.10 | 0.25 | 0.04 | 0.054 | 0.957 | <0.001 |
| BMC (g) | 408.36 | 74.24 | 388.74 | 69.16 | 439.19 | 76.35 | −1.451 | 0.166 | 0.116 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | 0.83 | 0.08 | 0.81 | 0.08 | 0.86 | 0.07 | −1.309 | 0.209 | 0.097 |
| Impaired leg | |||||||||
| Total mass (g) | 5,465.89 | 3,095.04 | 3,330.28 | 1,183.59 | 8,821.84 | 1,818.10 | −7.810 | <0.001 | 0.792 |
| LM (g) | 3,625.51 | 2,296.23 | 2,050.89 | 886.40 | 6,099.93 | 1,393.16 | −7.585 | <0.001 | 0.782 |
| FM (g) | 1,693.45 | 803.98 | 1,198.01 | 513.46 | 2,472.01 | 484.59 | −5.240 | <0.001 | 0.632 |
| %FM (%) | 34.60 | 11.59 | 38.64 | 13.18 | 28.25 | 3.75 | 2.013 | 0.061 | 0.202 |
| FM/LM ratio | 0.61 | 0.39 | 0.74 | 0.46 | 0.41 | 0.08 | 1.829 | 0.086 | 0.173 |
| BMC (g) | 140.78 | 107.13 | 64.39 | 38.67 | 249.91 | 68.87 | −7.121 | <0.001 | 0.760 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | 1.04 | 0.15 | 1.00 | 0.16 | 1.11 | 0.12 | −1.646 | 0.121 | 0.145 |
| Non-impaired leg | |||||||||
| Total mass (g) | 13,212.54 | 1,554.15 | 12,756.70 | 1,217.79 | 13,928.87 | 1,841.81 | −1.635 | 0.122 | 0.143 |
| LM (g) | 9,728.93 | 1,085.28 | 9,395.31 | 877.02 | 10,253.18 | 1,237.15 | −1.728 | 0.103 | 0.157 |
| FM (g) | ,2969.68 | 751.18 | 2,865.18 | 831.44 | 3,133.90 | 628.61 | −0.730 | 0.476 | 0.032 |
| %FM (%) | 22.28 | 4.42 | 22.23 | 5.50 | 22.37 | 2.23 | −0.065 | 0.949 | <0.001 |
| FM/LM ratio | 0.31 | 0.08 | 0.31 | 0.10 | 0.30 | 0.04 | 0.072 | 0.944 | <0.001 |
| BMC (g) | 513.94 | 60.72 | 496.21 | 51.34 | 541.79 | 67.61 | −1.626 | 0.123 | 0.142 |
| BMD (g/cm2) | 1.27 | 0.12 | 1.25 | 0.09 | 1.30 | 0.15 | −0.777 | 0.449 | 0.036 |
Note:
AMP, athletes with unilateral lower limb amputation; AKA, athletes with unilateral lower limb amputation above the knee; BKA, athletes with unilateral lower limb amputation below (or through) the knee; SD, standard deviation; η2, eta squared; LM, lean mass; FM, fat mass; %FM, percentage fat mass; FM/LM, fat-to-lean mass ratio; BMC, bone mineral content; BMD, bone mineral density. Statistically significant differences are in bold.