Table 1. An overview of rickettsial diseases, their vectors, and their known regions of endemicity.

Rickettsial disease	Causative agent(s)	Vector	Geographic region	Risk of exposure
Human granulocytotropic anaplasmosis	Anaplasma phagocytophilum	Ticks	North America, Europe, Asia	Rural and agricultural activities
Human monocytotropic ehrlichiosis	Ehrlichia chaffeensis	Ticks	Worldwide	Rural and agricultural activities
Sennetsu (glandular fever)	Neorickettsia sennetsu	-	Asia	Consuming raw fish?
Spotted fever group rickettsioses	Rickettsia rickettsii, Rickettsia conorii, Rickettsia africae, Rickettsia parkeri, Rickettsia honei, Rickettsia australis, Rickettsia helvetica, Rickettsia japonica and many others	Ticks	Worldwide	Rural and agricultural activities
Murine typhus	Rickettsia typhi	Fleas	Worldwide	Poor living conditions and urban areas
Epidemic typhus	Rickettsia prowazekii	Lice	Worldwide	Civil war, refugee camps, prisons, lack of hygiene in cold or mountainous areas
Scrub typhus	Orientia tsutsugamushi, Candidatus Orientia chuto, Candidatus Orientia chiloensis	Mites	Asia, Northern Australia, Chile, United Arab Emirates	Rural and agricultural activities