Table 5. Multivariable predictors of 1-year all-cause mortality.
| Variable | Univariable Analysis | Multivariable Analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | P value | Hazard Ratio (95% CI) | P value | |
| Age, years* | 1.05 (0.90–1.22) | 0.50 | - | - |
| Male sex | 0.77 (0.51–1.15) | 0.21 | - | - |
| NYHA class III/IV | 2.16 (1.04–4.45) | 0.038 | 1.74 (0.83–3.63) | 0.14 |
| Diabetes | 1.46 (0.97–2.22) | 0.07 | - | - |
| Hypertension | 1.45 (0.88–2.41) | 0.14 | - | - |
| COPD | 2.14 (1.38–3.32) | 0.001 | 1.72 (1.06–2.79) | 0.028 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 1.69 (1.09–2.60) | 0.017 | 1.36 (0.86–2.16) | 0.18 |
| CAD | 1.30 (0.85–1.99) | 0.23 | - | - |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 1.89 (1.18–3,04) | 0.008 | 1.58 (0.92–2.69) | 0.09 |
| Previous CABG | 1.07 (0.65–1.76) | 0.78 | - | - |
| STS score, % | 1.04 (1.02–1.06) | 0.001 | - | - |
| Baseline eGFR, mL/min/1.73m2** | 0.69 (0.59–0.81) | < 0.001 | 0.73 (0.61–0.86) | < 0.001 |
| Baseline eGFR < 30 mL/min/1.73m2 | 2.02 (1.33–3.09) | 0.001 | - | - |
| Diuretics | 1.46 (0.93–2.30) | 0.09 | - | - |
| ACE inhibitors or ARB | 0.80 (0.54–1.21) | 0.30 | - | - |
| Beta-blockers | 0.79 (0.50–1.19) | 0.25 | - | - |
| Statin | 0.97 (0.64–1.48) | 0.91 | - | - |
| LVEF, %** | 0.92 (0.81–1.37) | 0.18 | - | - |
| Mean transaortic gradient, mmHg** | 0.94 (0.82–1.07) | 0.34 | - | - |
| AVA, cm2 | 0.51 (0.15–1.73) | 0.28 | - | - |
| Contrast media volume, mL | 1.09 (0.87–1.37) | 0.44 | - | - |
| Procedure access (except Transfemoral) | 2.34 (1.25–4.39) | 0.008 | 1.29 (0.53–3.17) | 0.57 |
| Sapien XT prosthesis | 0.76 (0.44–1.31) | 0.32 | - | - |
| Inovare prosthesis | 2.55 (1.03–6.34) | 0.043 | - | - |
| Myocardial infarction | 4.47 (1.09–18.09) | 0.037 | - | - |
| Stroke/TIA | 3.96 (2.34–6.71) | < 0.001 | 3.08 (1.74–5.44) | < 0.001 |
| Major or life-threatening bleeding | 1.72 (0.89–3.32) | 0.10 | - | - |
| Major vascular complication | 1.80 (1.03–3.13) | 0.037 | 1.25 (0.69–2.25) | 0.45 |
| New LBBB | 1.03 (0.66–1.61) | 0.89 | - | - |
| AV block | 0.85 (0.52–1.38) | 0.51 | - | - |
| Valve malpositioning | 4.35 (2.31–8.18) | < 0.001 | 1.94 (0.92–4.07) | 0.08 |
| New pacemaker | 0.88 (0.53–1.38) | 0.38 | - | - |
| TIRFI | 1.40 (0.84–3.15) | 0.14 | 1.45 (0.75–2.83) | 0.27 |
| AKI | 3.82 (2.12–6.88) | < 0.001 | 3.42 (1.87–6.23) | < 0.001 |
95% CI, 95% confidence interval.
Abbreviations: ACE indicates angiotensin-converting enzyme; AKI, acute kidney injury; ARB, angiotensin receptor blocker; AV, atrioventricular; AVA, aortic valve area; CABG, coronary artery bypass graft; CAD, coronary artery disease; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HR, hazard ratio; LBBB, left bundle branch block; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA, New York Heart Association; STS, Society of Thoracic Surgeons; TIA, transient ischemic attack; TIRFI, TAVR induced renal function improvement.
* For each increase of 5 units in age.
** For each increase of 10 units in baseline eGFR, LVEF or mean transaortic gradient.
*** For each increase of 100 units in contrast media volume.