Table 4. Association between heavy cigarette use and risk for suicide among high school students (n = 880).
| Risk for Suicide | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Sad or Hopelessa AORd (95% CI) | Suicidal Ideationb AOR (95% CI) | Suicide Planc AOR (95% CI) | |
| Heavy Cigarette Smokinge | |||
| 1 to 10 / day | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 11+ / day | 3.43**(1.69, 6.94) | 2.97***(1.60, 5.51) | 2.11*(1.34, 3.32) |
| Sex | |||
| Male | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Female | 2.96***(2.10, 4.15) | 2.27*(1.63, 3.16) | 2.16***(1.51, 3.10) |
| Grade | |||
| 12th Grade | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 11th Grade | 0.92 (0.54, 1.59) | 0.92 (0.55, 1.55) | 1.30 (0.92, 1.85) |
| 10th Grade | 1.03 (0.67, 1.58) | 0.81 (0.45, 1.47) | 1.24 (0.79, 1.94) |
| 9th Grade | 0.86 (0.48, 1.55) | 1.15 (0.73, 1.82) | 2.06**(1.22, 3.46) |
| Race/Ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic White | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.0 |
| Hispanic/Latino | 1.58 (1.00, 2.49) | 1.12 (0.65, 1.92) | 1.15 (0.58, 2.28) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.72 (0.30, 1.74) | 0.65 (0.35, 1.19) | 0.60 (0.22, 1.64) |
| Non-Hispanic Other | 2.17*(1.21, 3.88) | 1.01 (0.58, 1.78) | 1.46 (0.68, 3.15) |
*p < .05
**p < .01
*** p < .001
a. Self-reported feeling “so sad or hopeless almost every day for two weeks or more in a row that you stopped doing some usual activities” in the past year
b. Self-reported having seriously considered attempting suicide in the past year
c. Self-reported having “made a plan” to commit suicide in the past year
d. AOR = Adjusted Odds Ratio, adjusted for sex, grade, and race/ethnicity
e. Self-reported number of cigarettes smoked per day in the past 30 days
f. “Non-Hispanic Other” includes “Asian, non-Hispanic,” “American Indian/Alaska Native, non-Hispanic,” or “native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islanders, non-Hispanic”