Table 3:

Averages of total fluoroscopic time, number of DSA frames, DAP, and maximum ESD in each institution

Variable	Institution						Overall (n = 103)
	1 (n = 48)	2 (n = 20)	3 (n = 15)	4 (n = 10)	5 (n = 5)	6 (n = 5)
Total fluoroscopic time, min	62.3 ± 35.1	50.6 ± 30.0	114.8 ± 40.2	32.8 ± 24.0	56.4 ± 14.7	107.8 ± 53.8	67.1 ± 41.6
Total no. of DSA frames	654 ± 376	960 ± 356	1447 ± 368	604 ± 231	1756 ± 2024	770 ± 191	883 ± 626
DAP, Gy × cm2	218 ± 141	327 ± 162	326 ± 98	215 ± 162	*	*	257 ± 150
Maximum ESD, Gy	2.1 ± 1.1	1.6 ± 0.8	2.4 ± 1.3	1.5 ± 1.2	1.3 ± 0.7	1.0 ± 0.2	1.9 ± 1.1

Note:—Data are given as average ± SD. DSA indicates digital subtraction angiography; DAP, dose area product; ESD, entrance skin dose.

^*DAP meters were not available.