Table 2.
Coding SNPs associated with progression through the stages of T1D. Presented according to pre-T1D staging from Insel et al.8
| Gene | T1D associated coding SNP(s) | Pre-stage 1: single AAb |
Stage 1: multiple AAb |
Stage 2: glucose intolerance |
Stage 3: clinical diagnosis | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PTPN22 | rs2476601 | X | - | - | - | 12,26,60 |
| CTLA4 | rs231775 | X | - | X | X | 24,26,27 |
| CD226 | rs763361 | - | - | - | X | 38 |
| UBASH3A | rs13048049 | - | - | - | - | NA |
| SIRPG | rs6043409 | - | - | - | - | NA |
| TYK2 | rs12720356, rs34536443 | - | - | - | - | NA |
| SH2B3 | rs3184504 | X | - | - | - | 60 |
| FUT2 | rs601338 | - | - | X | - | 63,67 |
| IFIH1 | rs35667974, rs1990760, rs35337543 | - | - | - | - | NA |
| CTSH | rs2289702 | - | - | - | - | NA |
X, associated with progression to this stage; - , not previously associated with progression to respective stage; NA, not applicable; SNP, single nucleotide polymorphism; T1D, type 1 diabetes.