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. 2021 Jan 21;10(1):475–484. doi: 10.1007/s40122-020-00234-9

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License, which permits any non-commercial use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — Changes in hemodynamics. Group R: erector spinae plane block with ropivacaine; group DR: erector spinae plane block with dexmedetomidine plus ropivacaine; a: HR (beats/min); b: MAP (mmHg); HR heart rate; MAP mean arterial blood pressure; T0 baseline level when entering the operating room; T1 immediately after anesthesia induction; T2 immediately after incision; T3 immediately after axillary lymph node dissection; T4 end of the surgery. *P < 0.05 compared with group R