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. 2021 May 14;15(7):1387–1395. doi: 10.1007/s11760-021-01869-7

Table 1.

Evaluation of single, dual, multimodal engagement level detection

Modality name Modality type Accu (%) MSE
Face emotion Single 76.19 0.23
Mouse behavior 40.47 0.52
Keyboard behavior 28.57 1.07
Face emotion and mouse behavior Dual 90.47 0.095
Face emotion and keyboard behavior 80.95 0.14
Mouse behavior and keyboard behavior 42.85 0.85
Mouse and keyboard behaviors with face emotion Multi 95.23 0.04