Table 2.
Baseline characteristics of the participants at baseline in the included studies.
| Study | Number of participants | Age (years) | Male (%) | BMI (kg/m2) | Current smokers (%) | HbA1c (%) | SBP (mmHg) | DBP (mmHg) | eGFR (mL/min/1.73m2) | LDL-C (mg/dL) | TG (mg/dL) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GLP-1 RA vs. placebo | |||||||||||
| ELIXA | 6,068 | 60.3 | 69.3 | 30.2 | 11.7 | 7.7 | 130 | N/A | 76.0 | 78.5 | 164.5 |
| EXSCEL | 14,602 | 61.9 | 62.0 | 32.7 | 11.7 | 8.1 | 135* | 80* | 78.4 | 88.0* | N/A |
| LEADER | 9,331 | 64.3 | 64.3 | 32.5 | 12.1 | 8.7 | 136 | 77 | 80.4 | 89.0 | N/A |
| HARMONY Outcomes | 9,413 | 64.1 | 69.4 | 32.3 | 15.7 | 8.7 | 135 | 77 | 79.0 | N/A | N/A |
| PIONEER-6 | 3,182 | 66.0 | 68.4 | 32.3 | 11.0 | 8.2 | 136 | 76 | 74.0 | 78.0 | N/A |
| REWIND | 9,900 | 66.2 | 53.7 | 32.3 | 14.2 | 7.4 | 137 | 78 | 76.9 | 99.1 | 141.7 |
| SUSTAIN-6 | 3,290 | 64.6 | 60.7 | 32.8 | N/A | 8.7 | 136 | 77 | N/A | 82.3 | N/A |
| Weighted average | 63.7 | 63.2 | 32.2 | 12.9 | 8.2 | 135 | 78.0 | 78.0 | 88.2 | ||
| SGLT2i vs. placebo | |||||||||||
| EMPA-REG OUTCOME | 7,020 | 63.1 | 71.3 | 30.6 | N/A | 8.1 | 135 | 77 | 74.1 | 85.6 | 170.6 |
| CANVAS | 10,142 | 63.3 | 64.2 | 32.0 | 17.8 | 8.2 | 137 | 78 | 76.5 | 89.0 | 177.1 |
| CREDENCE | 4,392 | 63.0 | 66.1 | 31.3 | 14.5 | 8.3 | 140 | 78 | 56.2 | 96.4 | 197.9 |
| DECLARE-TIMI 58 | 17,151 | 63.9 | 62.6 | 32.0 | N/A | 8.3 | 135 | 78 | 85.2 | N/A | N/A |
| VERTIS-CV | 8,237 | 64.4 | 70.0 | 31.9 | N/A | 8.2 | 133 | 76 | 76.0 | 89.1 | 180.6 |
| Weighted average | 63.7 | 65.9 | 31.7 | 8.2 | 136 | 77 | 77.3 | 89.3 | 179.6 | ||
Data are mean values.
SGLT2i, sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitor; GLP-1 RA, glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol; TG, triglyceride; N/A, not available.
*Except for the BP and LDL-C values for EXSCEL (medians).