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. 2021 Apr 30;8:634064. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2021.634064

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Effect of serum source in cell culture on MSC cytokine secretion. Equine MSCs from three donor horses were cultured in media using different serum sources (10%; FBS or autologous or allogeneic equine serum) for 72 h and then plated for 24 h on 24-well plates at 100,000 cells/well in their respective serum sources. Supernatants were collected after 24 h for evaluation of cytokines on a 23-cytokine fluorescent bead–based multiplex assay. Cells cultured in FBS produced higher levels of seven cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, IL-17A, GM-CSF, eotaxin, RANTES, and FGF-2) compared to autologous or allogeneic serum. Levels of five cytokines were below the detection limit of the multiplex assay (IL-2, IL-12, IL-18, IFN-γ, and MCP-1). For the remaining 11 biomarkers assessed (IL-1a, IL-1B, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-13, IP-10, TNF-α, GRO, G-CSF, and fractalkine), there were no statistical differences between serum treatment groups in levels of cytokines secreted. Bars are mean and standard deviation of three biological replicates. *Statistical significance assessed at p < 0.05.