Table 1.
Characteristics at presentation with outflow graft obstruction
| Clinical parameters | N = 20 |
|---|---|
| Age, years | 49 (43–60) |
| Male | 13 (65) |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 31.4 ± 6.3 |
| Hypertension | 13 (65) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 10 (50) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 8 (40) |
| Ischaemic cardiomyopathy | 5 (25) |
| Medications | |
| Aspirin | 18 (90) |
| Warfarin | 20 (100) |
| INR | 3.2 ± 1.3 |
| Beta‐blocker | 13 (65) |
| ACEi/ARB | 11 (55) |
| Aldosterone antagonist | 11 (55) |
| Loop diuretic | 18 (90) |
| LVAD details | |
| Implantation strategy | |
| Destination therapy | 14 (70) |
| Bridge‐to‐transplantation | 6 (30) |
| Device type | |
| HeartMate II | 3 (15) |
| HeartWare | 14 (70) |
| HeartMate 3 | 3 (15) |
| Clinical presentation | |
| Heart failure | 18 (90) |
| Low LVAD flow | 19 (95) |
| Presenting labs | |
| LDH, whole cohort (unit/L) | 263 ± 74 |
| LDH, HMII | 296 ± 55 |
| LDH, HVAD | 245 ± 68 |
| LDH, HM3 | 312 ± 75 |
| Sodium (mmol/L) | 137 ± 3 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (mg/dL) | 23 ± 14 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1.46 ± 0.41 |
| GFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 63 ± 22 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dL) | 10.9 ± 1.5 |
| Platelet count (103/μL) | 203 ± 68 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 1.0 ± 0.6 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (unit/L) | 31 ± 19 |
| Lesion details | (N = 18) a |
| Lesion type | |
| External compression of graft | 14 (78) |
| Stenosis of the aortic anastomosis | 7 (39) |
| Kink | 7 (39) |
| Multiple lesions | 10 (56) |
ACEi/ARB, angiotensin‐converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker; GFR, glomerular filtration rate; HM3, HeartMate 3; HMII, HeartMate II; INR, international normalized ratio; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; LVAD, left ventricular assist device.
Data are expressed as n (%), mean ± standard deviation, or median (interquartile range).
a
Not identified in two patients due to severe kidney disease.