Table 1.

Factors Influencing the Accuracy of Learner Self-Assessment.

Facilitators to self-assessment	Barriers to self-assessment
Explicit and measurable assessment criteria (C)	Low- or high-performing learner (L)
Review of performance data by learner (C)	Learner of male gender (L)
Performance feedback (C)	Unfamiliar content (C)
Benchmark feedback (C)	Complex cognitive or “soft” skills (C)
Feedback from external sources (C)	Global assessment (C)

Abbreviations: C, curriculum-related factors; L, learner-related factors.