Table. Adult female mosquito pools screened for West Nile and Usutu viruses, presented according to the territorial units in which they were collected, Slovakia, 2018 and 2019 (n = 421 pools).
| Mosquito sampling territorial unit, area (year) |
Mosquito species | Number of tested individuals |
Number of tested pools |
Number of pools positive for WNV by real-time RT-PCRa/RT-PCRb |
Number of pools positive for USUV by real-time RT-PCRa/RT-PCRb |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| South Western Slovakia | All species | 2,766 | 246 | 2/2 (MIR c: 0.72) | 14/10 (MIR c: 5.06) |
| Bratislava city (2018) | An. maculipennis s.l. | 44 | 25 | 0 | 1 |
| An. plumbeus | 12 | 11 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cq. richiardii | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cx. modestus | 9 | 8 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cx. pipiens s.l. | 1,830 | 134 | 2 | 9 | |
| Cs. annulata | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cs. longiareolata | 8 | 7 | 0 | 0 | |
| Subtotal | 1,905 | 187 | 2/2 (MIRc: 1.05) | 10/9 (MIRc: 5.25) | |
| Devín Castle (2019) | Ae. vexans | 2 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| An. hyrcanus | 9 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| An. maculipennis s.l. | 3 | 2 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cx. modestus | 178 | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cx. pipiens s.l. | 59 | 9 | 0 | 0 | |
| Subtotal | 251 | 25 | 0/0 (MIRc: NA) | 0/0 (MIRc: NA) | |
| Jakubov (2019) | An. maculipennis s.l. | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 |
| Cx. modestus | 110 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cx. pipiens s.l. | 138 | 6 | 0 | 0 | |
| Subtotal | 250 | 14 | 0/0 (MIRc: NA) | 0/0 (MIRc: NA) | |
| Vysoká pri Morave (2019) | An. hyrcanus | 30 | 3 | 0 | 1 |
| An. maculipennis s.l. | 29 | 4 | 0 | 0 | |
| Cx. modestus | 208 | 7 | 0 | 2 | |
| Cx. pipiens s.l. | 93 | 6 | 0 | 1 | |
| Subtotal | 360 | 20 | 0/0 (MIRc: NA) | 4/1 (MIRc: 11.11) | |
| South Central Slovakia | All species | 323 | 53 | 1/1 (MIR c: 3.10) | 1/1(MIR c: 3.10) |
| Podrečany village (2018) | An. plumbeus | 9 | 8 | 0 | 0 |
| Cx. pipiens s.l. | 314 | 45 | 1 | 1 | |
| South Eastern Slovakia | All species | 1,188 | 81 | 0/0 (MIRc: NA) | 1/1 (MIR c: 0.84) |
| Košice city (2018) | An. maculipennis s.l. | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 |
| Cx. pipiens s.l. | 1,186 | 79 | 0 | 1 | |
| Cs. longiareolata | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | |
| North Eastern Slovakia | All species | 231 | 41 | 0/0 (MIR c: NA) | 0/0 (MIR c: NA) |
| Tatranská Lomnica (2018) | Cx. pipiens s.l. | 228 | 38 | 0 | 0 |
| Cs. annulata | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | |
| Total | 4,508 | 421 | 3/3 (MIR c: 0.67) | 16/12 (MIR c: 3.55) | |
Ae.: Aedes; An.: Anopheles; Cq.: Coquillettidia; Cs.: Culiseta; Cx.: Culex; MIR: minimum infection rate; NA: not applicable; s.l.: sensu lato; RT-PCR: reverse-transcription PCR, USUV: Usutu virus, WNV: West Nile virus.
a The real-time RT-PCR for WNV targeted the 5´ non-coding region of the virus while the real-time RT-PCR for USUV targeted the non-structural protein 5. PCRs with a cycle threshold value above 40 were considered as a negative result.
b Mosquito pools, which were positive for WNV or USUV by real-time RT-PCR, were further subjected to specific RT-PCRs targeting the envelope gene (for WNV) or the non-structural protein 5 gene (for USUV).
c The MIR was calculated based on the real-time RT-PCR results.