Table 2.

Demographic characteristics of KHANDLE participants by childhood residence

	US Childhood (n = 1058)	Foreign Childhood (n = 295)
Age (mean, SD)	75.1 (6.5)	76.3 (6.2)
Female (n, %)	636 (60.1)	170 (57.6)
Race/Ethnicity
Asian	202 (19.1)	151 (51.2)
Black	299 (28.3)	3 (1.0)
Latinx	191 (18.1)	90 (30.5)
White	366 (34.6)	51 (17.3)
Low Childhood Financial Capital	292 (24.6)	73 (24.8)
Ever go hungry due to finances	123 (11.7)	50 (17.1)
Parents did not own childhood home	405 (38.4)	112 (38.4)
Family was poor relative to others	338 (34.5)	76 (27.0)
Low Childhood Cultural Capital
Father and/or mother earned ≤8th-grade education	388 (36.7)	154 (52.2)
Low Childhood Social Capital
Never/sometimes had someone trust and confide	401 (37.9)	111 (37.6)
Low Late-Life Financial Capital	468 (39.5)	107 (36.3)
vParticipant receives SSI, state welfare, support from friends/family or earns < 55 K annually	348 (33.0)	102 (35.1)
Always/often worries about having enough to cover living expenses AND earns < 75 K annually	208 (21.9)	39 (14.9)
Low Late-Life Cultural Capital
Education ≤High School/General Education Diploma	125 (11.8)	57 (19.3)
Low Late-Life Social Capital
Does not have someone to confide in or can depend on	102 (9.6)	42 (14.2)
Financial Capital Trajectory
Consistently High	501 (47.4)	146 (49.5)
Low Childhood, High Adult	145 (13.7)	42 (14.2)
High Childhood, Low Adult	298 (28.2)	76 (25.8)
Consistently Low	114 (10.8)	31 (10.5)
Cultural Capital Trajectory
Consistently High	615 (58.1)	127 (43.1)
Low Childhood, High Adult	318 (30.1)	111 (37.6)
High Childhood, Low Adult	55 (5.2)	14 (4.8)
Consistently Low	70 (6.6)	43 (14.6)
Social Capital Trajectory
Consistently High	615 (58.1)	165 (55.9)
Low Childhood, High Adult	341 (32.2)	88 (29.8)
High Childhood, Low Adult	42 (4.0)	19 (6.4)
Consistently Low	60 (5.7)	23 (7.8)