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. 2021 Apr 30;11:674603. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2021.674603

Table 2.

Univariate and multivariate analyses of factors affecting overall survival and progression-free survival.

Demographic variables N = 466 Overall survival Progression-free survival
Univariate Multivariate Univariate Multivariate
P-value HR 95% CI P-value P-value HR 95% CI P-value
Age (year)
<60 203
≥60 263 0.233 0.186
Sex
Male 388
Female 78 0.091 0.500
BMI (kg/m2)
<25 296
≥25 159 0.216 0.059
Smoking
No 251
Yes 214 0.760 0.058
Alcohol
No 311
Yes 149 0.990 0.288
Diabetes
No 348
Yes 118 0.859 0.275
Hypertension
No 282
Yes 184 0.588 0.480
Etiology
HBV
No 195
Yes 261 0.481 0.312
HCV
No 400 Reference
Yes 40 0.058 0.037 0.533
Child-Pugh score
5 368 Reference Reference
6 98 <0.001 0.155 0.001 0.214
MELD score
<9 333 Reference
≥9 128 0.033 0.165 0.254
Laboratory variables
Platelet count (109/L)
<100 40 Reference Reference
≥100 425 <0.001 0.452 0.306-0.668 <0.001 <0.001 0.484
Total bilirubin (mg/dL)
<1.2 386 Reference
≥1.2 50 0.010 0.248 0.242
Serum albumin (g/dL)
<3.5 54 Reference Reference
≥3.5 412 0.008 0.561 0.007 0.101
Alanine aminotransferase (IU/L)
<50 338
≥50 127 0.845 0.482
Prothrombin time (INR)
<1.2 429 Reference
≥1.2 37 0.003 0.162 0.308
Creatinine (mg/dL)
<1.0 300
≥1.0 164 0.607 0.721
Sodium (mmol/L)
<135 24 Reference Reference
≥135 438 <0.001 0.468 0.292-0.750 0.002 <0.001 0.477 0.263-0.864 0.015
Alpha-fetoprotein (ng/mL)
<1000 343
≥1000 102 0.075 0.604
PIVKA-II (mAU/mL)
<1000 171 Reference
≥1000 166 0.450 0.008 0.118
Tumor variables
Maximum tumor diameter (cm)
<10 367 Reference Reference
≥10 99 0.005 1.693 1.243-2.306 0.001 <0.001 1.891 1.369-2.611 <0.001
Treatment variable
Initial treatment <0.001 <0.001
Resection 246 Reference Reference
Transarterial therapy 204 2.167 1.623-2.893 <0.001 3.736 2.821-4.949 <0.001
Others 16 2.660 1.413-5.006 0.002 3.113 1.591-6.091 0.001

BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HR, hazard ratio; MELD, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease; PIVKA-II, protein induced by vitamin K absence-II.