TABLE 5.

Post-hoc tests.

Multiple comparisons
Dependent variable			Mean difference (I-J)	Std. error	Sig.	95% confidence interval
						Lower bound	Upper bound
L1	1	2	0.352*	0.028	0.000	0.278	0.426
		3	−0.258*	0.032	0.000	−0.344	−0.172
		4	0.971*	0.036	0.000	0.877	1.066
	2	1	−0.352*	0.028	0.000	−0.426	−0.278
		3	−0.610*	0.033	0.000	−0.698	−0.522
		4	0.619*	0.036	0.000	0.524	0.715
	3	1	0.258*	0.032	0.000	0.172	0.344
		2	0.610*	0.033	0.000	0.522	0.698
		4	1.229*	0.040	0.000	1.124	1.335
	4	1	−0.971*	0.036	0.000	−1.066	−0.877
		2	−0.619*	0.036	0.000	−0.715	−0.524
		3	−1.229*	0.040	0.000	−1.335	−1.124
L2	1	2	0.289*	0.030	0.000	0.209	0.369
		3	−0.294*	0.035	0.000	−0.387	−0.201
		4	0.766*	0.039	0.000	0.664	0.868
	2	1	−0.289*	0.030	0.000	−0.369	−0.209
		3	−0.583*	0.036	0.000	−0.678	−0.488
		4	0.477*	0.039	0.000	0.374	0.581
	3	1	0.294*	0.035	0.000	0.201	0.387
		2	0.583*	0.036	0.000	0.488	0.678
		4	1.060*	0.043	0.000	0.946	1.175
	4	1	−0.766*	0.039	0.000	−0.868	−0.664
		2	−0.477*	0.039	0.000	−0.581	−0.374
		3	−1.060*	0.043	0.000	−1.175	−0.946
Motivation towards learning	1	2	0.420*	0.026	0.000	0.350	0.490
		3	−0.528*	0.031	0.000	−0.610	−0.446
		4	0.600*	0.034	0.000	0.510	0.690
	2	1	−0.420*	0.026	0.000	−0.490	−0.350
		3	−0.948*	0.032	0.000	−1.031	−0.864
		4	0.180*	0.034	0.000	0.089	0.271
	3	1	0.528*	0.031	0.000	0.446	0.610
		2	0.948*	0.032	0.000	0.864	1.031
		4	1.128*	0.038	0.000	1.028	1.228
	4	1	−0.600*	0.034	0.000	−0.690	−0.510
		2	−0.180*	0.034	0.000	−0.271	−0.089
		3	−1.128*	0.038	0.000	−1.228	−1.028
Interest in learning tasks	1	2	0.308*	0.027	0.000	0.235	0.380
		3	−0.738*	0.032	0.000	−0.822	−0.653
		4	0.545*	0.035	0.000	0.453	0.638
	2	1	−0.308*	0.027	0.000	−0.380	−0.235
		3	−1.045*	0.033	0.000	−1.131	−0.959
		4	0.238*	0.036	0.000	0.144	0.332
	3	1	0.738*	0.032	0.000	0.653	0.822
		2	1.045*	0.033	0.000	0.959	1.131
		4	1.283*	0.039	0.000	1.180	1.387
	4	1	−0.545*	0.035	0.000	−0.638	−0.453
		2	−0.238*	0.036	0.000	−0.332	−0.144
		3	−1.283*	0.039	0.000	−1.387	−1.180
Positive emotions	1	2	0.315*	0.031	0.000	0.232	0.398
		3	−0.180*	0.037	0.000	−0.277	−0.084
		4	0.458*	0.040	0.000	0.352	0.564
	2	1	−0.315*	0.031	0.000	−0.398	−0.232
		3	−0.495*	0.037	0.000	−0.594	−0.396
		4	0.143*	0.041	0.003	0.035	0.251
	3	1	0.180*	0.037	0.000	0.084	0.277
		2	0.495*	0.037	0.000	0.396	0.594
		4	0.638*	0.045	0.000	0.519	0.757
	4	1	−0.458*	0.040	0.000	−0.564	−0.352
		2	−0.143*	0.041	0.003	−0.251	−0.035
		3	−0.638*	0.045	0.000	−0.757	−0.519

*The mean difference is significant at the 0.05 level.