Summary of findings 5. Fentanyl compared to sufentanil for neonates receiving mechanical ventilation.
| Fentanyl compared to sufentanil for neonates receiving mechanical ventilation | |||||||
| Patient or population: neonates receiving mechanical ventilation Setting: neonatal intensive care unit in Germany (Schmidt 2010) Intervention: fentanyl Comparison: sufentanil | |||||||
| Outcomes | Anticipated absolute effects* (95% CI) | Relative effect (95% CI) | №. of participants (studies) | Certainty of the evidence (GRADE) | Comments | ||
| Risk with fentanyl | |||||||
| Pain (PIPP) | See comment | Not estimable | Not reported | Not estimable | None of the studies reported on this outcome | ||
| Duration of mechanical ventilation (days) | MD 9 days higher (6.8 lower to 24.8 higher) | Mean 33 | 20 (1 RCT) | ⊕⊝⊝⊝ VERY LOW | Serious imprecision of the estimatesa and indirectness | ||
| Neonatal mortality | See comment | Not estimable | Not reported | ||||
| Mortality before discharge | See comment | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | Not reported | ||
| Neurodevelopmental outcomes (18 to 24 months) | See comment | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | Not reported | ||
| Neurodevelopmental outcomes (3 to 5 years) | See comment | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | Not reported | ||
| Neurodevelopmental outcomes (5 to 6 years) | See comment | See comment | See comment | Not estimable | Not reported | ||
| Not estimable | *The risk in the intervention group (and its 95% confidence interval) is based on the assumed risk in the comparison group and the relative effect of the intervention (and its 95% CI). CI: confidence interval; MD: mean difference; PIPP: Premature Infant Pain Profile; RCT: randomised controlled trial. |
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| GRADE Working Group grades of evidence. High certainty: we are very confident that the true effect lies close to that of the estimate of the effect. Moderate certainty: we are moderately confident in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be close to the estimate of the effect, but there is a possibility that it is substantially different. Low certainty: our confidence in the effect estimate is limited: the true effect may be substantially different from the estimate of the effect. Very low certainty: we have very little confidence in the effect estimate: the true effect is likely to be substantially different from the estimate of effect. | |||||||
aFor "serious imprecision", downgraded by two levels.