Chen 2015.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: longitudinal cohort Country: Taiwan Data collection period: January – September 2007 and follow‐ups (July 2007 – September 2008) Registry ID: N/A (cohort)
Participants	Number of participants: N = 3514; Number included in meta‐analysis: N = 3207 Sample characteristics (at baseline): Age (mean): people who quit long‐term: < 30 y 8.8%, 30 – 44 y 37.8%, 45 – 59 y 28.6%, ≥ 60 y 24.8% / people who quit short‐term: < 30 y 13.1%, 30 – 44 y 31.1%, 45 – 59 y 29.2%, ≥ 60 y 26.6% / people who relapsed to smoking: < 30 y 8.9%, 30 – 44 y 17.8%, 45 – 59 y 44.4%, ≥ 60y 28.9% / people who smoked: < 30 y 14.1%, 30 – 44 y 38.5%, 45 – 59 y 31.0%, ≥ 60y 16.5%; Sex (% male): people who quit long‐term 87.8% (230/262) / people who quit short‐term 79.9% (306/383)/people who relapsed to smoking 84.4% (38/45) / people who smoke 85.7% (2421/2824) Population category: general population; Specific population: people who smoked who participated in outpatient smoking cessation programme Nicotine dependence: not measured; Baseline cigarettes per day: not measured; Motivation to quit: selected by motivation to quit
Interventions	Behavioural support for smoking cessation: outpatient smoking cessation service (OSCS) – smoking cessation counselling provided Pharmacological support for smoking cessation: OSCS – smoking cessation pharmacotherapy provided Psychotherapeutic or psychoactive support for mental health or mood: did not receive mood management
Outcomes	Definition of cessation used: long‐term quitters ‐ participants who had quit tobacco use for 1 year; short‐term quitters ‐ participants who had been smoking for at least 6 months and then quit tobacco for 6 months (180 days) after participating in the programme (i.e. OSCS) Cessation definition used for outcome(s) in this analysis: continuous abstinence Measure of biovalidation: not bioverified Definition of people who continued to smoke used: people who relapsed to smoking ‐ participants who relapsed into tobacco use after ceasing tobacco use for 6 months; and people who smoked ‐ participants who failed to quit smoking for at least 1 year, despite participating in the programme Time point(s) at which follow‐up was conducted: 6 months and 1 year after finishing the smoking cessation programme Outcome category: Mixed Anxiety and Depression Outcome measure(s): EuroQol‐5D‐3L (EQ‐5D‐3L; depression and anxiety subscale)
Funding source	This study was supported by the Health Promotion Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan (No. 95039‐1)
Author conflicts of interest	None declared
Notes	Outcome data source: Published data