TABLE 1.
miRNAs in the pathogenesis of Preeclampsia.
| miRNAs | Source | Expression | Target | Function | References |
| miR-106b | Placental tissues and peripheral blood mononuclear cells | upregulated | MMP-2 | invasion and proliferation | Li et al., 2017c; Eghbal-Fard et al., 2019 |
| miR-126 | Placental tissues and endothelial progenitor cells | downregulated | PIK3R2 | proliferation, differentiation, migration and vascular sprouting | Yan et al., 2013 |
| miR-128a | Placental tissues | upregulated | Bax | apoptosis | Ding et al., 2016 |
| miR-133 | Placental tissues | upregulated | Rho/ROCK signaling pathway | apoptosis | Zhang W.M. et al., 2019 |
| miR-136 | MSCs, exosomes of peripheral blood and umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells | upregulated | BCL2, VEGF | suppress proliferation and promote apoptosis of MSCs | Ji et al., 2017; Motawi et al., 2018 |
| miR-141 | Placental tissues, peripheral blood | upregulated | CXCL12β, MMP-2, p62, LC3B, ROCK1, RhoA, EG-VEGF | apoptosis, invasion and vascularization | Wang C.Y. et al., 2019; Wu J.L. et al., 2019 |
| miR-141-3p | HUVECs | upregulated | Notch2 | tube formation, migration, invasion and apoptosis | Ling et al., 2021 |
| miR-145-5p | Placental tissues and umbilical cord blood | downregulated | FLT1, Cyr61 | trophoblast viability and invasion | Hromadnikova et al., 2017; Wen et al., 2018; Lv et al., 2019; Wang Y. et al., 2019 |
| miR-155 | Placental tissues and maternal plasma | upregulated | eNOS | invasion and migration | Li et al., 2014; Gan et al., 2017 |
| miR-16 | Placental tissues | upregulated | Notch2 | proliferation, migration and invasion | Yuan et al., 2020 |
| miR-17 | Placental tissues | upregulated | ephrin-B2/Eph-B4 receptor | angiogenesis | Wang et al., 2012 |
| miR-181a-5p | Placental tissues and maternal plasma | upregulated | IGF2BP2 | Invasion, proliferation, apoptosis and migration | Wu et al., 2018; Huang et al., 2019; Gusar et al., 2020 |
| miR-196a-5p | Placental tissues | downregulated | SNX16, BHLHE40 | trophoblast viability, migration, and invasion | Zhang L. et al., 2013 |
| miR-203 | Placental tissues and maternal vessel | upregulated | VEGFA | proliferation, migration and invasion | Wang Y. et al., 2016; Liu et al., 2018 |
| miR-205 | Placental tissues and maternal plasma | upregulated | MED1 | cell differentiation | Mouillet et al., 2010; Yang et al., 2015 |
| miR-20a | Placental tissues | upregulated | FOXA1 | proliferation, migration and invasion | Wang Y. et al., 2014; Yuan et al., 2020 |
| miR-20b | Placental tissues | upregulated | MMP-2, MCL-1 | proliferation, migration and invasion | Jin et al., 2017; Zhang S.S. et al., 2020 |
| miR-210 | Placental tissues and maternal plasma | upregulated | HIF-1a, HIF-2α, HSD17B1, E2, PTPN2, KCMF1, THSD7A, NOTCH1 | proliferation, migration apoptosis and invasion, vascular remodeling and growth, tube-like formation capabilities | Ishibashi et al., 2012; Zhang et al., 2012; Luo et al., 2014; Seyom et al., 2015; Song et al., 2015; Wu et al., 2015; Luo et al., 2016; Zhao et al., 2016; Li J. et al., 2019; Wang R. et al., 2019 |
| miR-214-5p | Placental tissues | upregulated | Jagged 1/Notch | proliferation, migration and invasion | Gong et al., 2020a |
| miR-218 | Placental tissues | upregulated | LASP1 | invasion | Fang et al., 2017 |
| miR-218-5p | Placental tissues | downregulated | TGFB2 | invasion and differentiation | Brkic et al., 2018 |
| miR-299 | Placental tissues | upregulated | HDAC2 | invasion and migration | Gao et al., 2018 |
| miR-29b | Placental tissues and dMSCs | upregulated | MCL1, MMP-2, VEGFA, ITGB1,HDAC4, | apoptosis, invasion, angiogenesis, proliferation, migratory and tubule formation | Li et al., 2013; Xin et al., 2017 |
| miR-30a-3p | Placental tissues | upregulated | IGF-1 | invasion and apoptosis | Lu et al., 2020 |
| miR-335-5p | Placental tissues | upregulated | ROS/p53, Sp1 | migration and EMT | Jiang et al., 2015; Lu et al., 2020 |
| miR-342-3p | Placental tissues and maternal plasma | upregulated | ID4, PDGFRA | cell viability, apoptosis and invasion, proliferation, migration, and G1/S phase transition | Wu et al., 2012; Yang and Guo, 2019; Han et al., 2020 |
| miR-346 | Placental tissues and maternal plasma | upregulated | LRP6 | proliferation, migration and invasion | Tsai et al., 2017; Zhang L. et al., 2020 |
| miR-376c | Placental tissues and maternal plasma | downregulated | ALK5, ALK7, TGF-b/Nodal | proliferation, migration and invasion | Fu et al., 2013 |
| miR-378a-5p | Placental tissues | downregulated | Nodal | cell growth, survival, migration and invasion | Luo et al., 2012 |
| miR-454 | Placental tissues | downregulated | Nodal/ALK7, EPHB4 | proliferation and invasion | Shi et al., 2019 |
| miR-494 | dMSCs | upregulated | CDK6, CCND1, VE Wang R. et al., 2019 GF | arrests G1/S transition, migration and impairs HUVEC capillary formation | Chen S. et al., 2015 |
| miR-495 | Umbilical cord tissue and dMSCs | upregulated | - | cell cycle, apoptosis, migration, invasion and tube formation | Li et al., 2017b |
| miR-517 | Placental tissues and maternal plasma | upregulated | sFLT1, ERK/MMP-2 pathway | proliferative and invasive | Anton et al., 2015; Fu et al., 2018; Hromadnikova et al., 2019 |
| miR-520g | Maternal serum | upregulated | MMP-2 | migration and invasion | Jiang et al., 2017 |
| miR-646 | Human peripheral blood-derived endothelial progenitor cells | upregulated | VEGF-A, HIF-1α | differentiation, migration, angiogenesis | Dong X. et al., 2020 |