Table 1. Genome alteration signatures in PC.

Associations for each genome alteration signature and proposed mechanisms are shown.

Signature	Proposed mechanism or etiology	Evidences	Notable associations
CN-Sig 1	Focal amplification	Many short, focally localized DNA segments with very high absolute copy number	-
CN-Sig 2	Tandem duplication	Many evenly distributed medium-length DNA segment amplification; high number of breakpoints	Positive association: CDK12 mutation; Homologous recombination pathway mutation; TDP score; metastasis. Negative association: SPOP mutation; TMPRSS2–ETS fusion.
CN-Sig 3	Whole-genome duplication	High ploidy, High absolute copy number; Few OsCN; global CNA distribution	Positive association: TP53 mutation; CNA burden; ploidy; Negative association: TMPRSS2–ETS fusion; CN-sig 4; CN-sig 5.
CN-Sig 4	Chromothripsis	Copy number change point is one; considerable OsCN	Positive association: AR mutation; SPOP mutation; copy number deletion number; chromothripsis state score. Negative association: CN-Sig3; MATH.
CN-Sig 5	Copy number neutral like events including oncogenic TMPRSS2–ETS fusion	Few CNA; Focal distribution of CNA	Positive association: TMPRSS2–ETS fusion; IDH1 mutation; Negative association: mutations (except IDH1 mutation) and other genome alterations.
SBS-Sig 1	Homologous recombination defect or unknown	Highly similar to COSMIC SBS signature 3/5	Positive association: copy number signatures.
SBS-Sig 2	Mismatch repair defect	Highly similar to COSMIC SBS signature15/6	-
SBS-Sig 3	Aging	Highly similar to COSMIC SBS signature 1	-