A representative ROC displays the classification performance of PulmoSeek. (A) In the test set, the AUC was 0.83 (0.72–0.94). In the validation set, the AUC was 0.84 (0.77–0.92). (B) In the validation set, the AUC of the Mayo Clinic classifier was 0.59 (0.48–0.69), and the AUC of the VA classifier was 0.54 (0.44–0.64). (C) Confusion matrices for PulmoSeek comparing the true class with the predicted class for benign (n = 20) and malignant (n = 60) nodule samples and distribution of PulmoSeek scores (range, 0 to 1) in the test set. (D) Confusion matrices for PulmoSeek comparing the true class with the predicted class for benign (n = 40) and malignant (n = 100) nodule samples and distribution of PulmoSeek scores (range, 0 to 1) in the validation set.