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. 2021 Apr 9;10:e62278. doi: 10.7554/eLife.62278

Appendix 1—table 11. Comparison of effect estimates (prevalence ratios) at 12- and 24-month adjusted for a priori covariates only and for a priori covariates and seasonality.

12-month prevalence ratio (95% CI) 24-month prevalence ratio (95% CI)
Adjusted (a priori only)* Adjusted + seasonality† Adjusted (a priori only)* Adjusted + seasonality†
Any bacterial or protozoan infection 1.04 (0.94–1.15), p=0.41 1.05 (0.95–1.15), p=0.37 0.99 (0.91–1.09), p=0.89 1.00 (0.91–1.10), p=0.95
Any STH infection 1.11 (0.89–1.38), p=0.35 1.12 (0.90–1.39), p=0.31 0.95 (0.77–1.17), p=0.62 0.94 (0.76–1.15), p=0.54
Diarrhea 1.69 (0.89–3.21), p=0.11 1.67 (0.88–3.17), p=0.12 0.84 (0.47–1.51), p=0.56 0.81 (0.44–1.46), p=0.48
Any bacteria 1.09 (0.95–1.26), p=0.20 1.10 (0.96–1.26), p=0.18 1.00 (0.87–1.15), p=0.95 1.03 (0.89–1.18), p=0.71
Shigella 1.12 (0.92–1.38), p=0.27 1.12 (0.91–1.37), p=0.28 0.95 (0.79–1.16), p=0.64 0.97 (0.80–1.17), p=0.72
ETEC 0.96 (0.69–1.33), p=0.81 0.98 (0.70–1.35), p=0.89 0.83 (0.57–1.19), p=0.31 0.88 (0.61–1.26), p=0.47
Campylobacter 1.68 (0.82–3.45), p=0.16 1.72 (0.84–3.49), p=0.14 1.28 (0.62–2.62), p=0.5 1.33 (0.65–2.71), p=0.43
C. difficile 2.09 (0.77–5.64), p=0.15 2.17 (0.81–5.86), p=0.13 1.41 (0.46–4.30), p=0.54 1.44 (0.48–4.37), p=0.52
E. coli O157 0.46 (0.18–1.21), p=0.12 0.48 (0.18–1.26), p=0.14 0.52 (0.17–1.59), p=0.25 0.57 (0.19–1.74), p=0.32
STEC 0.15 (0.03–0.70), p=0.016 0.15 (0.03–0.74), p=0.019 0.24 (0.05–1.01), p=0.052 0.25 (0.06–1.06), p=0.061
Y. enterocolitica ..‡ ..‡ ..‡ ..‡
V. cholerae ..‡ ..‡ ..‡ ..‡
Any Protozoa 1.03 (0.86–1.22), p=0.76 1.03 (0.87–1.23), p=0.72 0.91 (0.76–1.09), p=0.29 0.91 (0.76–1.09), p=0.31
Giardia 1.05 (0.88–1.25), p=0.58 1.06 (0.88–1.26), p=0.54 0.93 (0.78–1.11), p=0.43 0.93 (0.78–1.12), p=0.45
Cryptosporidium 0.89 (0.24–3.31), p=0.86 0.83 (0.22–3.11), p=0.78 0.53 (0.13–2.14), p=0.37 0.46 (0.12–1.73), p=0.25
E. histolytica ..‡ ..‡ ..‡ ..‡
Any virus 0.75 (0.44–1.27), p=0.29 0.74 (0.43–1.26), p=0.26 1.03 (0.57–1.86), p=0.92 0.97 (0.54–1.75), p=0.91
Norovirus GI/GII 0.68 (0.36–1.27), p=0.23 0.67 (0.35–1.27), p=0.22 1.10 (0.55–2.18), p=0.79 1.04 (0.53–2.07), p=0.90
Adenovirus 40/41 1.24 (0.32–4.83), p=0.76 1.29 (0.33–5.13), p=0.71 0.97 (0.18–5.19), p=0.97 1.01 (0.19–5.30), p=0.99
Rotavirus ..‡ ..‡ ..‡ ..‡
Coinfection,≥2 GPP pathogens 1.08 (0.91–1.29), p=0.37 1.09 (0.91–1.30), p=0.35 0.93 (0.79–1.10), p=0.41 0.94 (0.79–1.12), p=0.49
Trichuris 1.01 (0.79–1.28), p=0.96 1.02 (0.81–1.30), p=0.86 0.86 (0.67–1.10), p=0.22 0.85 (0.67–1.09), p=0.21
Ascaris 1.33 (0.92–1.93), p=0.13 1.35 (0.93–1.95), p=0.11 0.83 (0.54–1.27), p=0.39 0.81 (0.53–1.25), p=0.34
Coinfection,≥2 STH 1.17 (0.76–1.79), p=0.49 1.20 (0.78–1.83), p=0.40 0.63 (0.37–1.07), p=0.084 0.62 (0.36–1.06), p=0.079

All effect estimates are presented as prevalence ratios (ratio of ratios) with 95% confidence intervals and estimated using generalized estimating equations to fit Poisson regression models with robust standard errors.

*Models are adjusted for a priori covariates age, sex, caregiver’s education, and wealth and presented for comparison with seasonality-adjusted models.

†Models are adjusted for a priori covariates and seasonality using sine/cosine terms based on the date of sample (or survey) collection.