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Critical surface tension (CST) of the bio-nanocomposite films∗.
| Film Type | CST (mN/m) |
|---|---|
| IC | 18.603a ± 2.928 |
| IC/SiO2 | 19.564a ± 2.425 |
| IC/ZnO | 19.580a ± 0.605 |
| IC/SiO2–ZnO 1:1 | 22.137a ± 2.047 |
| IC/SiO2–ZnO 1:2 | 21.496a ± 1.758 |
| IC/SiO2–ZnO 1:3 | 21.430a ± 0.589 |
∗Values are presented as mean ± SD (n = 3). Different letters in the same column indicate significantly different (p < 0.05).
