Table 3.

The brain regions with altered gray matter volume in TS patients identified by the main meta-analyses.

Region	Maximum				Cluster	Jackknife sensitivity analysis	Egger’s tests (p)
	MNI coordinates x, y, z	SDM z-score	p Value uncorrected	Number of voxels	Breakdown (no. of voxels)
Increased regions
Cerebellum, vermic lobule III	2, −36, −12	2.363	<0.000000001	192	Left cerebellum, hemispheric lobule III/IV/V, BA27 30 (98) Cerebellum, vermic lobule I/II/III/IV/V, BA 27 30 (91) Right cerebellum, hemispheric lobule III (3)	9 of 10	0.030
Left thalamus	−10, −28, 10	2.113	0.000051618	112	Left thalamus (96) Left thalamus, BA 27 (16)	9 of 10	0.002
Right striatum	8, −6, −12	2.192	0.000020623	72	Right striatum (52) Right lenticular nucleus, putamen (20)	10 of 10	0.005
Right thalamus	12, −28, 14	1.992	0.000129044	54	Right thalamus (48) Right thalamus, BA 27 (6)	9 of 10	0.002
Decreased regions
Right inferior frontal gyrus	42, 36, −4	−1.507	0.000129044	635	Right inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part (468) Right inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part (107) Right middle frontal gyrus (60)	9 of 10	0.457
Right supramarginal gyrus	60, −14,24	−1.348	0.000696719	134	Right supramarginal gyrus, BA 42 43 48 (50) Right rolandic operculum, BA 22 42 48 (84)	8 of 10	0.477
Right postcentral gyrus	52, 12, −12	−1.192	0.000696719	129	Right postcentral gyrus, BA 3 43 48 (126) Right postcentral gyrus (3)	8 of 10	0.279
Left inferior frontal gyrus	−52, 28, −8	−1.082	0.004154444	90	Left inferior frontal gyrus, orbital part (57) Left inferior frontal gyrus, triangular part (33)	7 of 10	0.676
Left rolandic operculum, BA 48	−56, −6, 12	−1.267	0.001491487	81	Left rolandic operculum, BA 48 (79) Left rolandic operculum (2)	8 of 10	0.249
Left superior temporal gyrus	−52, −14, 12	−1.207	0.001852751	56	Left superior temporal gyrus, BA22 42 48 (56)	8 of 10	0.218

TS Tourette syndrome, BA Brodmann area, MNI Montreal Neurological Institute Space, SDM seed-based d mapping, BA Brodmann area.