PPP was enhanced via O-GlcNAcylation-mediated activation of G6PDH. A, Representative blots of G6PDH in cardiac tissues and H9c2 cells (n = 4 per group). B–C, Representative blots of O-GlcNAc modified G6PDH (B) and G6PDH activity (C) in H9c2 cells treated with IL-1β for 4 or 24 h (n = 6 per group). D-E, Representative blots of O-GlcNAc modification (D) and the G6PDH activity (E) in H9c2 cells treated with IL-6 for 4 or 24 h (n = 6 per group). F, The compounds used in this study for targeting HBP pathway enzymes. G-I, Representative blots of O-GlcNAc-modified G6PDH (G), G6PDH activity (H), and NADPH/NADP+ ratio (I) in H9c2 cells with indicated treatments (n = 4–5 per group). J, Representative blots of O-GlcNAc modified G6PDH in the mouse hearts with indicated treatments (n = 3 per group). K-M, The G6PDH activity (K), NADPH/NADP+ ratio (L), and GSH/GSSG ratio (M) in the mouse hearts with indicated treatments (n = 4–6 per group). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 for indicated comparisons. NS: no significant difference.