Table 1.
Participant demographics, neuropsychological testing scores, and its correlation with age
| Demographic information | Mean (SD) | |
|---|---|---|
| N | 91 | |
| Age (Years) | 47.4 (17.4) | |
| Gender (M/F) | 37/54 | |
| Participant characteristics | Mean (SD) | Age regression |
| Education (Years) | 16.9 (2.5) | 0.24* |
| MMSE (Score out of 30) | 28.9 (1.0) | −0.19 |
| Depression (GDS) (Score out of 15) | 0.8 (1.2) | −0.13 |
| Cognitive Assessments | ||
| Simple RT (Box, ms) | 297.2 (83.5) | 0.18 |
| Choice RT (Arrow, ms) | 323.8 (55.7) | 0.56*** |
| Recognition RT (ms) | 1262.0 (301.2) | 0.29** |
| Digit Symbol RT (ms) | 1622.2 (385.6) | 0.67*** |
| Digit Span Forward (Score out of 16) | 11.4 (2.2) | −0.21* |
| Digit Span Backward (Score out of 16) | 7.3 (2.1) | −0.25* |
| Stroop Effect RT (Incongruent-Congruent, ms) | 69.3 (85.0) | 0.38*** |
| Verbal Working Memory (Score out of 1) | 0.4 (0.2) | −0.37*** |
| Immediate Recall (Score out of 16) | 11.0 (2.6) | −0.25* |
| Delayed Recall (Score out of 16) | 9.5 (3.1) | −0.26* |
| Verbal Fluency (Number of correct responses) | 68.0 (14.7) | −0.16 |
| Phonemic Fluency (F, A, S) | 44.6 (11.6) | −0.05 |
| Category Fluency (Animal) | 23.4 (5.4) | −0.08** |
| WAIS Vocabulary (Score out of 66) | 54.5 (6.6) | 0.09 |
| Author Recognition Test (ART)† (Score out of 76) | 24.7 (14.6) | 0.52*** |
| Comparative Reading (Score out of 35) | 24.8 (5.1) | 0.07 |
The second column displays means, with standard deviation in parentheses. The numbers represent the raw scores of each test. The third column indicates its correlation coefficient with age. *Denotes a statistically significant difference,
*
p < .05;
**
p < .01;
***
p < .001.
†
ART scores are calculated as the number of correct identifications – the number of incorrect responses.