Table A2:
Comparison of Low- and High- Time Pressure Visits, using Quartiles
| Time Pressures Coefficient, Quartile 2 |
Time Pressures Coefficient, Quartile 3 |
Time Pressures Coefficient, Quartile 4 |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age at visit | −0.234*** (0.041) |
−0.349*** (0.040) |
−0.740*** (0.052) |
| Number of “reasons for visit” recorded | −0.008** (0.003) |
−0.006** (0.003) |
−0.017*** (0.005) |
| Scheduled visit length | 0.032 (0.037) |
−0.039*** (0.013) |
−0.036* (0.021) |
| Charlson index (previous year) | −0.003 (0.002) |
−0.008 (0.002) |
0.002 (0.002) |
| Female | −0.001 (0.001) |
−0.003 (0.001) |
0.002** (0.001) |
| non-Hispanic white | 0.002** (0.001) |
0.000 (0.001) |
−0.001* (0.001) |
| Medicaid | −0.001 (0.000) |
−0.001 (0.000) |
0.001 (0.000) |
| English-speaking | 0.002*** (0.001) |
−0.000 (0.001) |
−0.002*** (0.001) |
| Visit in past year | −0.001 (0.001) |
−0.005*** (0.001) |
−0.014*** (0.002) |
| Number outpatient visits in past six months | −0.016 (0.012) |
0.002 (0.013) |
0.021 (0.017) |
| Number specialist visits in past six months | −0.000 (0.007) |
0.006 (0.008) |
0.025** (0.010) |
| Number inpatient stays in past six months | −0.001 (0.006) |
0.000 (0.001) |
0.001** (0.001) |
| Number ED visits in past six months | −0.001 (0.001) |
−0.000 (0.001) |
0.004** (0.002) |
Note: Coefficient estimates (standard errors in parentheses) are from a regression of each row’s variable on dummies for each time pressure quartile, relative to Quartile 1, the lowest quartile of schedule change minutes (Q1: < 0 minutes; Q2: 0-15 minutes; Q3: 15-30 minutes; Q4: >30 minutes). The regressions also include fixed effects for day of week, week of month, month of year, clinic-shift, provider, and patient age (excluding the ‘Age at visit’ outcome). The analytic samples include all pre-scheduled visits for patients age 18+. The sample size for the Charlson index is 2,097,487, since patients’ first visits in our data are automatically excluded from this measure.
if p- value < 0.1
if p< 0.05 and
if p < 0.01.