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. 2021 May 15;30(10):2795–2804. doi: 10.1007/s11136-021-02861-x

Table 1.

Socio-demographic characteristics of participants per group

General population sample during COVID-19 General population sample before COVID-19
Na 844 2401
Mean age in years (SD)* 13.4 (2.8) 13.1 (3.1)
% %
Gender (male) 47.4 50.3
Regionb
 North 12.6 10.6
 East 22.2 23.8
 South 25.0 23.2
 West 40.3 42.4
Number of children in family*
1 Child 25.5 15.5
2 Children 46.6 49.8
3 Children or more 27.9 34.7
Country of birth parents*
Both parents Netherlands 88.2 79.8
At least one parent in foreign country 11.8 20.2
Marital status parents c
Two parent family 82.0 84.7
Single parent family 18.0 15.3
Educational level parents*d c
Low 9.0 12.8
Intermediate 51.8 48.2
High 39.2 38.9
Corona-specific variables
Infected relative/friend (yes) 23.7 .
Negative change in work situation (yes) 26.2 .
Daycare/school attendance child (yes) 5.5 .

SD standard deviation

*Significant difference between the two samples with P < 0.05

aDue to missing values, number of respondents vary across different socio-demographic variables

bRegion: North = Groningen, Friesland, Drenthe, East = Overijssel, Gelderland, Flevoland, South = Zeeland, Noord-Brabant, Limburg, West = Utrecht, Noord-Holland, Zuid-Holland

cBased on N = 1082 due to missing values of these variables for the PROMIS Anxiety and Depressive Symptoms measures

dEducational level parents, Low = primary, lower vocational education, lower and middle general secondary education; Intermediate = middle vocational education, higher secondary education, pre-university education; High = higher vocational education, university