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. 2021 May;10(2):114–121. doi: 10.5582/irdr.2020.03143

Table 1. Summary of clinical findings, histopathology, and genetic analysis of all patients.

Case/Family Clinical features
Histopathological Examination Gene mutation
Freckle-like
pigmentation
Cutaneous
malignancy
Ophtalmologic
abnormalities
Neurological
abnormalities
Case 1/1 (Patient IV:3) Uneven brown spots (Localized) in sun-exposed area Cancerous lumps (patches) on the cheek Prolapse right eyeball, ectropion. Cataract left eye Gait disturbance, Hearing loss Frozen section from right eye and palpebra: melanoma maligna Biopsy sample from right cheek: suggestive of BCC metastasis. Immunohistochemistry of right cheek sample: Cytokeratine positive, Negative HMB45, Positive CD10 on the palisading tumor cells, and Positive Ber-EP4 stain. Skin tissue: Suggestive of Xeroderma Pigmentosum Pathogenic variant of the ERCC2 gene (Chr19(GRCh37):g.45855610G>A; NM_000400.3: c.2047C>T, p.(Arg683Trp))
Case 2/1 (Patient IV:4) Uneven brown spots (Localized) in sun-exposed area Cancerous lumps (patches) on the cheek Dry eye N/A Skin tissue: Suggestive of Xeroderma Pigmentosum Pathogenic variant of the ERCC2 gene (Chr19(GRCh37):g.45855610G>A; NM_000400.3: c.2047C>T, p.(Arg683Trp))
Case 1/2 (Patient III:V) Black spots evenly (Generalized) Cancerous patch on the lips and palpebrae Dry eye, cataract N/A N/A Passed away N/A
Case 2/2 (Patient III:3) Black spots evenly (Generalized) Cancerous patch on the lips and palpebrae Cataract, blepharitis N/A Skin tissue: Suggestive of Xeroderma Pigmentosum Nonsense pathogenic variant of the XPC gene (NM_004628.4), c.1941T>A, p.(Tyr647*)

*Remarks: Not all examinations are available for all patients (eg. For Vitamin D measurement) due to socioeconomic limitations which hinders the patient to take all laboratory examinations