Table 3.
Plant growth parameters of studied maize cultivars NK-8441, P-1543, NK-8711, and FH-985 with the application of biochar in tannery polluted Kasur and Sialkot soils.
| Soil | Biochar | Maize Variety | Plant Height (cm) | Fresh Weight (g) | Dry Weight (g) | Leaf Area (cm2) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Shoot | Root | Shoot | Root | Shoot | Root | ||||
| K soil |
0% | NK-8441 | 43.1 ± 1.09 de | 27.3 ± 0.79 de | 17.7 ± 0.51 d | 9.4 ± 0.27 de | 1.83 ± 0.05 de | 1.37 ± 0.03 de | 81 ± 1.94 e |
| P-1543 | 48.1 ± 0.93 bc | 31.6 ± 0.59 bc | 20.1 ± 0.54 bc | 10.9 ± 0.30 bc | 2.13 ± 0.07 c | 1.62 ± 0.04 bc | 93 ± 2.73 cd | ||
| NK-8711 | 38.1 ± 0.48 fg | 23.3 ± 0.69 fg | 15.2 ± 0.41 e | 8.0 ± 0.23 f–h | 1.52 ± 0.06 fg | 1.13 ± 0.04 fg | 69 ± 2.33 fg | ||
| FH-985 | 33.1 ± 0.96 hi | 19.0 ± 0.59 hi | 12.5 ± 0.45 fg | 6.3 ± 0.21 ij | 1.20 ± 0.04 h–j | 0.90 ± 0.04 h–j | 57 ± 1.51 hi | ||
| 3% | NK-8441 | 51.9 ± 0.74 b | 34.0 ± 0.86 b | 21.0 ± 0.45 b | 12.0 ± 0.25 b | 2.42 ± 0.05 b | 1.72 ± 0.05 b | 106 ± 2.00 b | |
| P-1543 | 57.9 ± 1.16 a | 38.5 ± 0.49 a | 24.1 ± 0.65 a | 13.6 ± 0.36 a | 2.75 ± 0.07 a | 1.94 ± 0.06 a | 118 ± 3.13 a | ||
| NK-8711 | 46.5 ± 0.81 cd | 29.9 ± 0.39 cd | 18.0 ± 0.68 cd | 10.5 ± 0.38 cd | 2.08 ± 0.05 cd | 1.48 ± 0.04 cd | 94 ± 2.60 c | ||
| FH-985 | 41.6 ± 1.15 ef | 26.3 ± 0.60 ef | 15.0 ± 0.43 e | 9.0 ± 0.27 e-g | 1.78 ± 0.04 ef | 1.24 ± 0.04 e–g | 82 ± 2.21 de | ||
| S soil |
0% | NK-8441 | 24.7 ± 0.73 kl | 13.7 ± 0.71 jk | 7.7 ± 0.34 ij | 5.4 ± 0.22 jk | 1.09 ± 0.04 jk | 0.81 ± 0.05 jk | 44 ± 2.06 jk |
| P-1543 | 29.9 ± 0.73 ij | 17.9 ± 0.79 hi | 10.1 ± 0.43 gh | 6.9 ± 0.26 hi | 1.40 ± 0.06 g–i | 1.05 ± 0.03 gi | 56 ± 2.08 hi | ||
| NK-8711 | 19.6 ± 1.20 m | 9.9 ± 0.39 l | 5.3 ± 0.35 k | 3.9 ± 0.21 l | 0.81 ± 0.05 l | 0.58 ± 0.03 l | 32 ± 1.81 l | ||
| FH-985 | 14.4 ± 0.97 n | 6.2 ± 0.52 m | 2.9 ± 0.21 l | 2.5 ± 0.20 m | 0.52 ± 0.03 m | 0.34 ± 0.04 m | 20 ± 1.79 m | ||
| 3% | NK-8441 | 30.8 ± 0.97 hi | 20.3 ± 0.82 gh | 11.6 ± 0.50 g | 7.8 ± 0.27 gh | 1.46 ± 0.05 gh | 1.10 ± 0.03 gh | 63 ± 2.63 gh | |
| P-1543 | 35.5 ± 0.94 gh | 24.5 ± 0.52 ef | 14.5 ± 0.53 ef | 9.2 ± 0.31 d–f | 1.78 ± 0.07 ef | 1.35 ± 0.05 d–f | 75 ± 2.04 ef | ||
| NK-8711 | 25.7 ± 0.70 jk | 16.2 ± 0.60 ij | 8.8 ± 0.23 hi | 6.3 ± 0.21 ij | 1.13 ± 0.05 ij | 0.87 ± 0.04 ij | 51 ± 1.68 ij | ||
| FH-985 | 20.3 ± 0.27 lm | 12.4 ± 0.49 kl | 5.8 ± 0.22 jk | 4.9 ± 0.25 kl | 0.82 ± 0.04 kl | 0.60 ± 0.03 kl | 39 ± 1.42 kl | ||
The values are mean ± S.E. (n = 3). Mean values with different alphabetical letters are significantly different (p < 0.05) according to Tukey’s HSD test; K: Kasur soil; S: Sialkot soil.