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Mechanism of systemic iron metabolism. After being reduced by DcytB at the apical membrane of duodenal enterocytes, dietary iron is absorbed by DMT1 and driven to the basolateral membrane of these cells; iron is exported by FPN1 to the circulation, transformed from ferrous to ferric iron by HEPH, and finally transported by Tf in the blood. Abbreviations, DcytB—duodenal cytochrome B, DMT1—divalent metal transporter-1, FPN1—ferroportin-1, HEPH—hephaestin, Tf—transferrin.
